familyCyperaceae
genusCarex
sectionCarex sect. Glareosae
speciesCarex brunnescens

Difference between revisions of "Carex brunnescens"

Heikki Toivonen
Common names: Carex brunâtre
Synonyms: Carex brunnescens subsp. alaskana Kalela Carex brunnescens subsp. pacifica Kalela Carex brunnescens subsp. vitilis (Fries) Kalela Carex canescens var. alpicola Wahlenberg Carex canescens var. persoonii (Sieber) H. Christ Carex gebhardii Carex gracilis Carex persoonii Carex vitilis
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 320. Mentioned on page 317, 321.
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{{Treatment/ID
 
{{Treatment/ID
 
|accepted_name=Carex brunnescens
 
|accepted_name=Carex brunnescens
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|accepted_authority=(Persoon) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.
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|accepted_authority=
−
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
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|publications=
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|title=in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl., Suppl.
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|common_names=Carex brunâtre
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|place=3: 286. 1813
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|basionyms=
−
|year=1813
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|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
−
}}
+
|name=Carex brunnescens subsp. alaskana
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|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
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|authority=Kalela
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|name=Carex curta var. brunnescens
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|rank=subspecies
−
|authority=Persoon
+
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 +
|name=Carex brunnescens subsp. pacifica
 +
|authority=Kalela
 +
|rank=subspecies
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 +
|name=Carex brunnescens subsp. vitilis
 +
|authority=(Fries) Kalela
 +
|rank=subspecies
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 +
|name=Carex canescens var. alpicola
 +
|authority=Wahlenberg
 
|rank=variety
 
|rank=variety
−
|publication_title=Syn. Pl.
+
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
−
|publication_place=2: 539. 1807
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|name=Carex canescens var. persoonii
−
}}
+
|authority=(Sieber) H. Christ
−
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
−
|name=Carex canescens var. brunnescens
 
−
|authority=(Persoon) W. D. J. Koch
 
 
|rank=variety
 
|rank=variety
 
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
−
|name=Carex canescens subsp. brunnescens
+
|name=Carex gebhardii
−
|authority=(Persoon) Ascherson & Graebner
+
|authority=
−
|rank=subspecies
+
|rank=species
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 +
|name=Carex gracilis
 +
|authority=
 +
|rank=species
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 +
|name=Carex persoonii
 +
|authority=
 +
|rank=species
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 +
|name=Carex vitilis
 +
|authority=
 +
|rank=species
 
}}
 
}}
 
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Carex;Carex sect. Glareosae;Carex brunnescens
 
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Carex;Carex sect. Glareosae;Carex brunnescens
 
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Carex]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Carex sect. Glareosae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Carex brunnescens]]</div></div>
 
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Carex]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Carex sect. Glareosae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Carex brunnescens]]</div></div>
 
|volume=Volume 23
 
|volume=Volume 23
−
|mention_page=page 320
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|mention_page=page 317, 321
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|treatment_page=
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|treatment_page=page 320
 
}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
−
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>densely cespitose, in small clumps; rhizomes short. <b>Culms</b> erect to arching, slender, 15–90 cm. <b>Leaves</b>: sheaths relatively tight, pale to mid brown abaxially, inner band thin and hyaline, often concave at summit; ligules as long as wide; blades green to yellowish green, flat, 10–25(–40) cm × 0.5–2 mm, shorter than culms. <b>Inflorescences</b> erect to somewhat nodding, 1.5–7 cm × 3–6 mm; proximal bracts bristlelike-prolonged, shorter than to exceeding spikes; distal bracts usually scalelike. <b>Spikes</b> 5–10, gynecandrous, proximal ± separate, distal closely approximate, containing 5–10 perigynia, sessile, globose to short-oblong, 3–7 × 3–4 mm; terminal spike staminate for less than 1/2 of length, scarcely clavate. <b>Pistillate</b> scales white-hyaline with green, 3-veined center, often brown tinged, ovate, subequal to, not concealing perigynia, apex obtuse to acute. <b>Perigynia</b> appressed-ascending to loosely spreading at maturity, green or brown, often dark brown in age, lightly several-veined, elliptic-ovate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm, widest near middle, membranous; beak shor, margin serrulate. <b>Achenes</b> pale to mid brown, ovate-orbiculate, 1.25–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, glossy. <b>2n</b> = 56.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Culms </b>erect or, sometimes, nodding, slender, 15–60 cm. <b>Leaves</b> mid green to yellowish or gray-green, (1–)1.5–2.5 mm wide. <b>Inflorescences</b> erect or, sometimes, nodding, 1.5–5(–7) cm; proximal spikes 0.5–2.5 cm apart; terminal spike ellipsoid to subclavate. <b>Perigynia</b> 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 56.</span><!--
  
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
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|distribution=North America;Eurasia.
+
|phenology=Fruiting May–Jul.
−
|discussion=<p>Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
+
|habitat=Damp, temporarily dry areas, thin-peated mires, thickets, woodlands, heaths, rocky slopes
−
--><p><i>Carex brunnescens</i> is variable across its wide distribution; it deserves a monographic treatment. Many taxa have been described. Most variation is presumably of ecophenotypic nature; when growing in shady habitats the species is slender and weak and the scales are not or but little colored; in more exposed sites it is stiffer, and the scales become strongly brownish tinged. Only two subspecies are recognized here. Subspecies alaskana and <i></i>subsp.<i> pacifica</i> (see A. Kalela 1965) seem to grade to the typical subsp. brunnescens. A short-leaved plant with short and red tinged perigynia from western United States (Colorado, Montana, Utah, Wyoming) may represent a southern subspecies and should be studied in greater detail.</p>
+
|elevation=0–3500 m
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|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Ga.;Idaho;Ind.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.
 +
|discussion=<p>The mostly northern and western North America, <i>Carex brunnescens</i> subsp. brunnescens grades to subsp. sphaeostachya in the southeastern United States.</p><!--
 +
--><p>Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).</p>
 
|tables=
 
|tables=
 
|references=
 
|references=
 
}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
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--><div class="treatment-key">
+
--><!--
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==Key==
 
−
<div class="treatment-key-group">
 
−
 
 
−
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
 
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|-id=key-0-1
 
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|1
 
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|Culms usually erect or, sometimes, nodding; leaves (1–)1.5–2.5 mm wide; terminal spike ellipsoid to subclavate.
 
−
|[[Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens|Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens]]
 
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|-id=key-0-1
 
−
|1
 
−
|Culms ascending to arching; leaves (0.5–)1–1.5 mm wide; terminal spike often clavate.
 
−
|[[Carex brunnescens subsp. sphaerostachya|Carex brunnescens subsp. sphaerostachya]]
 
−
|}
 
−
</div></div><!--
 
  
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
name=Carex brunnescens
 
name=Carex brunnescens
−
|authority=(Persoon) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.
+
|authority=
 
|rank=species
 
|rank=species
 
|parent rank=section
 
|parent rank=section
−
|synonyms=Carex canescens var. brunnescens;Carex canescens subsp. brunnescens
+
|synonyms=Carex brunnescens subsp. alaskana;Carex brunnescens subsp. pacifica;Carex brunnescens subsp. vitilis;Carex canescens var. alpicola;Carex canescens var. persoonii;Carex gebhardii;Carex gracilis;Carex persoonii;Carex vitilis
−
|basionyms=Carex curta var. brunnescens
+
|basionyms=
 
|family=Cyperaceae
 
|family=Cyperaceae
−
|distribution=North America;Eurasia.
+
|phenology=Fruiting May–Jul.
 +
|habitat=Damp, temporarily dry areas, thin-peated mires, thickets, woodlands, heaths, rocky slopes
 +
|elevation=0–3500 m
 +
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Ga.;Idaho;Ind.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.
 
|reference=None
 
|reference=None
−
|publication title=in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl., Suppl.
+
|publication title=
−
|publication year=1813
+
|publication year=
 
|special status=
 
|special status=
−
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_564.xml
+
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_565.xml
 
|genus=Carex
 
|genus=Carex
 
|section=Carex sect. Glareosae
 
|section=Carex sect. Glareosae

Revision as of 20:09, 16 December 2019

Culms erect or, sometimes, nodding, slender, 15–60 cm. Leaves mid green to yellowish or gray-green, (1–)1.5–2.5 mm wide. Inflorescences erect or, sometimes, nodding, 1.5–5(–7) cm; proximal spikes 0.5–2.5 cm apart; terminal spike ellipsoid to subclavate. Perigynia 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. 2n = 56.


Phenology: Fruiting May–Jul.
Habitat: Damp, temporarily dry areas, thin-peated mires, thickets, woodlands, heaths, rocky slopes
Elevation: 0–3500 m

Distribution

V23 564-distribution-map.jpg

Greenland, St. Pierre and Miquelon, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., Ga., Idaho, Ind., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.

Discussion

The mostly northern and western North America, Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens grades to subsp. sphaeostachya in the southeastern United States.

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

... more about "Carex brunnescens"
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Author
Heikki Toivonen +
Authority
(Persoon) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al. +
Basionyms
Carex curta var. brunnescens +
Distribution
North America +  and Eurasia. +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Susan A. Reznicek +
Number of lower taxa
2 +
Publication title
in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl., Suppl. +
Publication year
1813 +
Reference
None +
Source xml
https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse grained fna xml/V23/V23 564.xml +
Synonyms
Carex canescens var. brunnescens +  and Carex canescens subsp. brunnescens +
Taxon family
Cyperaceae +
Taxon name
Carex brunnescens +
Taxon parent
Carex sect. Glareosae +
Taxon rank
species +
Volume
Volume 23 +