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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="herb duration"><b>Herbs,</b> annual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="taproot shape;taproot texture;taproot texture">taproot tapered, soft or ± woody.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem some measurement;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;hair orientation;hair architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect or ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 30–70 dm, densely glandular-villous, or glandular-puberulent, with spreading, nonglandular hairs basally, glabrous distally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>mostly in basal 1/2;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole some measurement;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade length;blade width;adaxial surface pubescence;abaxial surface coloration;abaxial surface pubescence;surface coloration or relief;surface coloration or relief;surface coloration or relief;cell coloration;base shape;base shape;base shape;base shape;base shape;margin shape;margin shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">larger leaves with petiole 10–30 mm, blade oval, oblong, ovate, or ± triangular, 18–45 × 13–30 mm (distal leaves usually smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, neither surface punctate or both minutely punctate with clusters of brown cells, base truncate, round, or obtuse, margins sinuate, sometimes crisped, apex round to obtuse, rarely acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence position;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence size or quantity;inflorescence size or quantity"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal and axillary, branched 1–4 times unequally, with sticky internodal bands;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="branch orientation;branch arrangement;flower architecture;flower arrangement;axis some measurement">branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–55 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pedicel atypical some measurement;pedicel some measurement"><b>Flowers:</b> pedicel 0.4–2.3 [–3.7] mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bract shape;bract some measurement;base duration;base count;apex shape">bracts at base of perianth usually soon deciduous, usually 2, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–1.8 mm, apex often acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth shape;perianth position or shape;perianth some measurement">perianth white to pale-pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.3 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="stamen atypical count;stamen count;stamen position;stamen position">stamens (2–) 3, slightly exserted or included.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="fruit count;fruit pubescence;group arrangement;group arrangement;group count;group arrangement;group coloration;group coloration;group coloration;group coloration;group shape;group atypical length;group length;group width;group shape;apex arrangement;apex arrangement;apex count;apex arrangement;apex coloration;apex coloration;apex coloration;apex coloration;apex shape;apex atypical length;apex length;apex width;apex shape;gap size"><b>Fruits </b>5–33 per cluster, usually overlapping or 2–4 in group separated by small gap from next group, straw colored to grayish or reddish tan, broadly obovoid, 1.9–2.4 (–2.8) × 1.1–1.3 mm (l/w: 1.7–2.1 [–2.3]), apex rounded, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="rib count;rib shape;rib shape;rib shape;rib relief;ridge position;ridge architecture or shape;sulcus position;sulcus architecture or shape">ribs 5, obtuse-rounded to obtuse, often with low winglike ridge, slightly rugose near sulci;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="">sulci (0.2–) 0.5 times as wide as base of ribs, slightly rugose, not papillate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="sulcus width;sulcus relief;sulcus relief;2n chromosome count">2n = ca. 52.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. <b>Stems</b> erect or ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 30–70 dm, densely glandular-villous, or glandular-puberulent, with spreading, nonglandular hairs basally, glabrous distally. <b>Leaves</b> mostly in basal 1/2; larger leaves with petiole 10–30 mm, blade oval, oblong, ovate, or ± triangular, 18–45 × 13–30 mm (distal leaves usually smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, neither surface punctate or both minutely punctate with clusters of brown cells, base truncate, round, or obtuse, margins sinuate, sometimes crisped, apex round to obtuse, rarely acute. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal and axillary, branched 1–4 times unequally, with sticky internodal bands; branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–55 mm. <b>Flowers</b>: pedicel 0.4–2.3[–3.7] mm; bracts at base of perianth usually soon deciduous, usually 2, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–1.8 mm, apex often acuminate; perianth white to pale pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.3 mm; stamens (2–)3, slightly exserted or included. <b>Fruits</b> 5–33 per cluster, usually overlapping or 2–4 in group separated by small gap from next group, straw colored to grayish or reddish tan, broadly obovoid, 1.9–2.4(–2.8) × 1.1–1.3 mm (l/w: 1.7–2.1[–2.3]), apex rounded, glabrous; ribs 5, obtuse-rounded to obtuse, often with low winglike ridge, slightly rugose near sulci; sulci (0.2–)0.5 times as wide as base of ribs, slightly rugose, not papillate. <b>2n</b> = ca. 52.</span><!-- |
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| | -->{{Treatment/Body | | -->{{Treatment/Body |
| | + | |phenology=Flowering late summer–early fall. |
| | |habitat=Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] | | |habitat=Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] |
| | |elevation=[100-]700-1800 m | | |elevation=[100-]700-1800 m |
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| | |basionyms= | | |basionyms= |
| | |family=Nyctaginaceae | | |family=Nyctaginaceae |
| | + | |phenology=Flowering late summer–early fall. |
| | |habitat=Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] | | |habitat=Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] |
| | |elevation=[100-]700-1800 m | | |elevation=[100-]700-1800 m |
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| | |publication year=1849 | | |publication year=1849 |
| | |special status= | | |special status= |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_39.xml | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_39.xml |
| | |genus=Boerhavia | | |genus=Boerhavia |
| | |species=Boerhavia spicata | | |species=Boerhavia spicata |
| − | |2n chromosome count=52
| |
| − | |abaxial surface coloration=paler
| |
| − | |abaxial surface pubescence=glandular-pubescent
| |
| − | |adaxial surface pubescence=glandular-pubescent
| |
| − | |apex arrangement=separated;overlapping;cluster
| |
| − | |apex atypical length=2.4mm;2.8mm
| |
| − | |apex coloration=straw colored;grayish or reddish tan
| |
| − | |apex count=2;4
| |
| − | |apex length=1.9mm;2.4mm
| |
| − | |apex shape=rounded;obovoid;acuminate;acute;round;obtuse
| |
| − | |apex width=1.1mm;1.3mm
| |
| − | |axis some measurement=10mm;55mm
| |
| − | |base count=2
| |
| − | |base duration=deciduous
| |
| − | |base shape=obtuse;round;obtuse;round;truncate
| |
| − | |blade length=18mm;45mm
| |
| − | |blade shape=triangular;ovate;triangular;ovate;oblong;oval
| |
| − | |blade width=13mm;30mm
| |
| − | |bract shape=lanceolate
| |
| − | |bract some measurement=0.7mm;1.8mm
| |
| − | |branch arrangement=clusters
| |
| − | |branch orientation=ascending
| |
| − | |cell coloration=brown
| |
| − | |flower architecture=spicate
| |
| − | |flower arrangement=racemose
| |
| − | |fruit count=5;33
| |
| − | |fruit pubescence=glabrous
| |
| − | |gap size=small
| |
| − | |group arrangement=separated;overlapping;cluster
| |
| − | |group atypical length=2.4mm;2.8mm
| |
| − | |group coloration=straw colored;grayish or reddish tan
| |
| − | |group count=2;4
| |
| − | |group length=1.9mm;2.4mm
| |
| − | |group shape=rounded;obovoid
| |
| − | |group width=1.1mm;1.3mm
| |
| − | |hair architecture=nonglandular
| |
| − | |hair orientation=spreading
| |
| − | |herb duration=annual
| |
| − | |inflorescence architecture=branched
| |
| − | |inflorescence position=axillary
| |
| − | |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
| |
| − | |inflorescence size or quantity=1-4 times with sticky internodal bands;1-4 times with sticky internodal bands
| |
| − | |margin shape=crisped;sinuate
| |
| − | |pedicel atypical some measurement=2.3mm;3.7mm
| |
| − | |pedicel some measurement=0.4mm;2.3mm
| |
| − | |perianth coloration=white;pale-pink
| |
| − | |perianth position or shape=distal
| |
| − | |perianth shape=campanulate
| |
| − | |perianth some measurement=1mm;1.3mm
| |
| − | |petiole some measurement=10mm;30mm
| |
| − | |rib count=5
| |
| − | |rib relief=rugose
| |
| − | |rib shape=obtuse-rounded;obtuse
| |
| − | |ridge architecture or shape=winglike
| |
| − | |ridge position=low
| |
| − | |stamen atypical count=2;3
| |
| − | |stamen count=3
| |
| − | |stamen position=included;exserted
| |
| − | |stem architecture=branched
| |
| − | |stem orientation=ascending;erect
| |
| − | |stem pubescence=glabrous;glandular-puberulent;glandular-villous;glandular-puberulent;glandular-villous
| |
| − | |stem some measurement=30dm;70dm
| |
| − | |sulcus architecture or shape=winglike
| |
| − | |sulcus position=low
| |
| − | |sulcus relief=not papillate;rugose
| |
| − | |sulcus width=(0.2-)0.5 times as wide as base
| |
| − | |surface coloration or relief=punctate;both;punctate
| |
| − | |taproot shape=tapered
| |
| − | |taproot texture=woody;soft
| |
| | }}<!-- | | }}<!-- |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Boerhavia]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Boerhavia]] |
Herbs, annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. Stems erect or ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 30–70 dm, densely glandular-villous, or glandular-puberulent, with spreading, nonglandular hairs basally, glabrous distally. Leaves mostly in basal 1/2; larger leaves with petiole 10–30 mm, blade oval, oblong, ovate, or ± triangular, 18–45 × 13–30 mm (distal leaves usually smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, neither surface punctate or both minutely punctate with clusters of brown cells, base truncate, round, or obtuse, margins sinuate, sometimes crisped, apex round to obtuse, rarely acute. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, branched 1–4 times unequally, with sticky internodal bands; branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–55 mm. Flowers: pedicel 0.4–2.3[–3.7] mm; bracts at base of perianth usually soon deciduous, usually 2, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–1.8 mm, apex often acuminate; perianth white to pale pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.3 mm; stamens (2–)3, slightly exserted or included. Fruits 5–33 per cluster, usually overlapping or 2–4 in group separated by small gap from next group, straw colored to grayish or reddish tan, broadly obovoid, 1.9–2.4(–2.8) × 1.1–1.3 mm (l/w: 1.7–2.1[–2.3]), apex rounded, glabrous; ribs 5, obtuse-rounded to obtuse, often with low winglike ridge, slightly rugose near sulci; sulci (0.2–)0.5 times as wide as base of ribs, slightly rugose, not papillate. 2n = ca. 52.
Phenology: Flowering late summer–early fall.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests]
Elevation: [100-]700-1800 m
Distribution
Ariz., N.Mex., Tex., Mexico.
Discussion
C. F. Reed (1969) and subsequent authors have included one or more of Boerhavia coulteri, B. torreyana, and B. watsoni as synonymous with B. spicata. Even when those taxa are removed, B. spicata remains a variable species, widespread at low to middle elevations in southwestern North America, and distinguished by its mostly overlapping, obovoid fruits with rather open sulci, and the glandular pubescence on basal parts of the plant.
Selected References
None.
