Difference between revisions of "Acroptilon repens"
in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 663. 1838.
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{{Treatment/ID | {{Treatment/ID | ||
|accepted_name=Acroptilon repens | |accepted_name=Acroptilon repens | ||
| − | |accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) | + | |accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) de Candolle |
|publications={{Treatment/Publication | |publications={{Treatment/Publication | ||
|title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. | |title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. | ||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
|year=1838 | |year=1838 | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/ | + | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status |
| + | |code=I | ||
| + | |label=Introduced | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=F | ||
| + | |label=Illustrated | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym | ||
|name=Centaurea repens | |name=Centaurea repens | ||
|authority=Linnaeus | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
| + | |publication_title=Sp. Pl. ed. | ||
| + | |publication_place=2, 2: 1293. 1763 | ||
}} | }} | ||
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Acroptilon picris | |name=Acroptilon picris | ||
|authority=(Pallas ex Willdenow) C. A. Meyer | |authority=(Pallas ex Willdenow) C. A. Meyer | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=species |
| + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=C. picris | |name=C. picris | ||
|authority=Pallas ex Willdenow | |authority=Pallas ex Willdenow | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Acroptilon;Acroptilon repens | |hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Acroptilon;Acroptilon repens | ||
| Line 32: | Line 44: | ||
|elevation=0–2300 m | |elevation=0–2300 m | ||
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;Ont.;Sask.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Iowa;Kans.;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.Mex.;N.Dak.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;Mexico (Baja California);c Asia. | |distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;Ont.;Sask.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Iowa;Kans.;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.Mex.;N.Dak.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;Mexico (Baja California);c Asia. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Acroptilon repens has been reported also from Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Virginia, and Wisconsin; I have not seen specimens from those states.</p><!-- | + | |introduced=true |
| − | --><p>Acroptilon repens is a serious weed pest, especially in the western United States. It is a strong competitor in infested areas, often forming dense colonies, and has allelopathic effects on other plants growing nearby. It is very difficult to control or eradicate once it becomes established. It reproduces vigorously from seed and spreads from adventitious buds borne on deep-seated runner roots. Root fragments readily regenerate as new individuals after cultivation. In addition, Russian knapweed is very poisonous to horses, causing neurological symptoms. Because of its bitter taste, it is usually avoided by grazing animals, and consequently it tends to spread when more palatable plants are consumed.</p> | + | |discussion=<p><i>Acroptilon repens</i> has been reported also from Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Virginia, and Wisconsin; I have not seen specimens from those states.</p><!-- |
| + | --><p><i>Acroptilon repens</i> is a serious weed pest, especially in the western United States. It is a strong competitor in infested areas, often forming dense colonies, and has allelopathic effects on other plants growing nearby. It is very difficult to control or eradicate once it becomes established. It reproduces vigorously from seed and spreads from adventitious buds borne on deep-seated runner roots. Root fragments readily regenerate as new individuals after cultivation. In addition, Russian knapweed is very poisonous to horses, causing neurological symptoms. Because of its bitter taste, it is usually avoided by grazing animals, and consequently it tends to spread when more palatable plants are consumed.</p> | ||
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Acroptilon repens | name=Acroptilon repens | ||
| − | + | |authority=(Linnaeus) de Candolle | |
| − | |authority=(Linnaeus) | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
|parent rank=genus | |parent rank=genus | ||
| Line 57: | Line 69: | ||
|publication title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. | |publication title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. | ||
|publication year=1838 | |publication year=1838 | ||
| − | |special status= | + | |special status=Introduced;Illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_188.xml |
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae | |tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae | ||
|genus=Acroptilon | |genus=Acroptilon | ||
Latest revision as of 19:49, 5 November 2020
Creeping roots usually dark brown or black, with scaly adventitious buds. Stems ± cobwebby-tomentose. Leaves: basal and proximal cauline often deciduous by flowering, blades oblong, 4–15 cm; mid and distal linear to linear-lanceolate or oblong, 1–7 cm. Involucres 9–17 mm, loosely cobwebby. Phyllaries: apices of inner acute or acuminate, densely short-pilose. Corollas 11–14 mm, tubes 6.5–7.5 mm, throats 2–3.5 mm, lobes 3–3.5 mm. Cypselae ivory to grayish or brown, 2–4 mm; pappus bristles white, 6–11 mm. 2n = 26.
Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer (May–Sep).
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, riverbanks, ditch banks, clearcuts, cultivated ground
Elevation: 0–2300 m
Distribution
Introduced; Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Sask., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Iowa, Kans., Minn., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.Mex., N.Dak., Okla., Oreg., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo., Mexico (Baja California), c Asia.
Discussion
Acroptilon repens has been reported also from Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Virginia, and Wisconsin; I have not seen specimens from those states.
Acroptilon repens is a serious weed pest, especially in the western United States. It is a strong competitor in infested areas, often forming dense colonies, and has allelopathic effects on other plants growing nearby. It is very difficult to control or eradicate once it becomes established. It reproduces vigorously from seed and spreads from adventitious buds borne on deep-seated runner roots. Root fragments readily regenerate as new individuals after cultivation. In addition, Russian knapweed is very poisonous to horses, causing neurological symptoms. Because of its bitter taste, it is usually avoided by grazing animals, and consequently it tends to spread when more palatable plants are consumed.
Selected References
None.