Difference between revisions of "Carex sect. Firmiculmes"
in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 18: 221. 1935.
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|accepted_name=Carex sect. Firmiculmes | |accepted_name=Carex sect. Firmiculmes | ||
| − | |accepted_authority=(Kükenthal) Mackenzie | + | |accepted_authority=(Kükenthal) Mackenzie |
|publications={{Treatment/Publication | |publications={{Treatment/Publication | ||
|title=in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. | |title=in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. | ||
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name=Carex sect. Firmiculmes | name=Carex sect. Firmiculmes | ||
|author=William J. Crins | |author=William J. Crins | ||
| − | |authority=(Kükenthal) Mackenzie | + | |authority=(Kükenthal) Mackenzie |
|rank=section | |rank=section | ||
|parent rank=genus | |parent rank=genus | ||
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|publication year=1935 | |publication year=1935 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
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|genus=Carex | |genus=Carex | ||
|section=Carex sect. Firmiculmes | |section=Carex sect. Firmiculmes | ||
Latest revision as of 20:38, 5 November 2020
Plants cespitose or not, short to long rhizomatous, sometimes inconspicuously rhizomatous. Culms brown or red brown at base. Leaves: basal sheaths fibrous; sheath fronts membranous; blades V-shaped in cross section when young, glabrous. Inflorescence 1 spike; bractless; spike androgynous, with not more than 15 perigynia, lax. Proximal pistillate scales less than 10 mm, apex short- or long-awned. Perigynia ascending, veinless or weakly veined with 2 strong marginal veins, stipitate, narrowly obovate, trigonous in cross section, 4.7–8.4 mm, 2–3 times as long as wide, base tapering, with spongy tissue, apex rounded to beak, glabrous; beak truncate. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, 4–5 mm, almost as large as bodies of perigynia; style deciduous.
Distribution
w North America.
Discussion
Species 3 (3 in the flora).
The relationships of Carex sect. Firmiculmes are unclear. The absence of bracts and presence of foliaceous pistillate scales are reminiscent of sect. Phyllostachyae Tuckerman ex Kükenthal. The groups differ in numerous other characters. The presence of rachillae suggests that the section is primitive; its phylogenetic position remains unresolved.
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Plants cespitose, inconspicuously rhizomatous; culms terete, smooth distally; leaves involute, 0.8–1.5 mm wide, shorter than culms; perigynia with 2 strong marginal veins and several additional faint veins. | Carex multicaulis |
| 1 | Plants not cespitose, short to long rhizomatous; culms triangular, scabrous distally; leaves plane, 1.1–3.5 mm wide, equaling or exceeding culms; perigynia with 2 strong marginal veins, otherwise veinless. | > 2 |
| 2 | Rhizomes prolonged; pistillate portions of spike unbranched; proximal pistillate scales chartaceous, cuspidate to short-awned. | Carex geyeri |
| 2 | Rhizomes very short; pistillate portions of spike 0–2 branched; proximal pistillate scales foliaceous, long-awned. | Carex tompkinsii |