Difference between revisions of "Carex sect. Lupulinae"
Carices North. U.S., 562. 1847.
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Latest revision as of 20:44, 5 November 2020
Plants cespitose or not, rarely colonial, short to long rhizomatous. Culms purplish or reddish, rarely brown at base. Leaves: basal sheaths not fibrous; sheath fronts membranous; sheaths and larger leaves distinctly septate-nodulose; blades V-shaped in cross section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–6(–9) spikes; proximal bracts leaflike, sheathless or sheath less than 4 mm, shorter or longer than diam. of stem; lateral spikes pistillate or the distal 1(–5) staminate or androgynous, globose, ovoid, or cylindric, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse to acuminate, often awned. Perigynia ascending to spreading, distinctly 15–20-veined, sometimes stipitate, inflated, ovate, ± round in cross section, 10–20 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex tapering or abruptly beaked, glabrous or sparsely hairy; beak conspicuously bidentate, teeth not more than 1 mm. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than bodies of perigynia; style persistent.
Distribution
e North America.
Discussion
Species 6 (6 in the flora).
Members of Carex sect. Lupulinae have the largest perygynia of all Carex. Mature achenes are critical for identification of some species.
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Sheath of the distal nonbracteal leaf 0–1.5(–2.5) cm; beak of perigynium 1.5–4.2 mm; achenes elliptic or obovate; spikes globose to short-ovoid. | > 2 |
| 1 | Sheath of the distal nonbracteal leaf usually 1.7 cm or longer; beak of perigynium 4.5–10 mm; achenes rhombic or nearly triangular; spikes ovoid to cylindric. | > 3 |
| 2 | Perigynia radiating out in all directions to form globular spike, rhombic-ovoid, base cuneate, 8–35 per spike. | Carex grayi |
| 2 | Perigynia ascending to spreading or, sometimes, the basalmost reflexed to form an ovoid to obovoid spike, lanceoloid to ovoid, base convex, 1–12(–20) per spike. | Carex intumescens |
| 3 | Achenes distinctly wider than long, widest beyond midle; perigynia stiffly spreading at right angles to rachis. | Carex gigantea |
| 3 | Achenes as wide as long as or longer, widest near middle; perigynia ascending. | > 4 |
| 4 | Angles of achenes pointed, often knobbed, with hard, nipplelike points; achenes (2.2–)2.4–3.4 mm wide, often nearly as wide as long. | Carex lupuliformis |
| 4 | Angles of achenes smoothly curved, not pointed or knobbed; achenes 1.7–2.6(–2.8) mm wide, longer than wide. | > 5 |
| 5 | Staminate peduncle 0.5–6(–7) cm, shorter than to exceeding distal pistillate spike by no more than 2 cm; plants loosely cespitose or not, short-rhizomatous. | Carex lupulina |
| 5 | Staminate peduncle (3–)6–18 cm, usually exceeding distal pistillate spike by 2–12 cm; plants loosely colonial, long-rhizomatous. | Carex louisianica |