Difference between revisions of "Scolymus"
Sp. Pl. 2: 813. 1753.
Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 355. 1754.
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|distribution=Europe;Middle East;n Africa;Atlantic Islands. | |distribution=Europe;Middle East;n Africa;Atlantic Islands. | ||
| + | |introduced=true | ||
|discussion=<p>Species 3 (2 in the flora).</p> | |discussion=<p>Species 3 (2 in the flora).</p> | ||
|tables= | |tables= | ||
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|family=Asteraceae | |family=Asteraceae | ||
|illustrator=Marjorie C. Leggitt | |illustrator=Marjorie C. Leggitt | ||
| + | |illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association | ||
|distribution=Europe;Middle East;n Africa;Atlantic Islands. | |distribution=Europe;Middle East;n Africa;Atlantic Islands. | ||
|introduced=true | |introduced=true | ||
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|publication year=1753;1754 | |publication year=1753;1754 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
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|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae | |tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae | ||
|genus=Scolymus | |genus=Scolymus | ||
Latest revision as of 19:50, 5 November 2020
Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 10–80(–200+) cm; taprooted. Stems usually 1, erect, branched distally, glabrous or hairy (internodes winged, margins spiny, faces ± scabrellous and/or sparsely arachnose). Leaves basal and cauline (mostly cauline at flowering); basal ± petiolate, distal sessile; blades oblong or lanceolate to oblanceolate or linear, margins pinnately lobed to dentate, usually strongly spiny (faces ± scabrellous and/or sparsely arachnose). Heads borne singly (axillary and terminal) or in ± spiciform arrays. Peduncles usually 0 (heads in axils of ± foliaceous bracts; if peduncles produced, not inflated, strongly bracteate). Calyculi 0. Involucres campanulate to urceolate, 8–12[–16] mm diam. (larger in fruit). Phyllaries 24–30+ in 3+ series, lanceolate to lance-linear (± flat proximally), unequal to subequal, margins little, if at all, scarious, apices spine-tipped. Receptacles conic to hemispheric, smooth, glabrous, paleate; paleae winged (each palea enfolding, adnate to, and shed with cypsela). Florets 30–60+; corollas yellow. Cypselae (each shed with its enfolding palea) brownish, obcompressed, ± obovoid, not beaked, ribs 0, glabrous; pappi 0 or persistent (fragile), of 2–4[–5] whitish to stramineous, subequal, setiform-aristate scales plus 0–4 muticous to lanceolate scales in ± 1 series. x = 10.
Distribution
Introduced; Europe, Middle East, n Africa, Atlantic Islands.
Discussion
Species 3 (2 in the flora).
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Annuals; margins of stem wings and leaf blades usually white and thickened; pappi 0. | Scolymus maculatus |
| 1 | Biennials or perennials; margins of stem wings and leaf blades little, if at all, white or thickened; pappi of 2–4 setiform-aristate scales plus 0–4 muticous to lanceolate scales. | Scolymus hispanicus |