Difference between revisions of "Cosmos bipinnatus"
Icon. 1: 10, plate 14. 1791.
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|discussion=<p><i>Cosmos bipinnatus</i> is native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. A garden favorite, it has escaped and naturalized widely elsewhere in the flora area (and in warm climates almost worldwide), and it has been seeded along roadsides by some highway departments. Many cultivated races and hybrids differ considerably from the wild type described above, varying widely in stature and in coloration of both ray and disc corollas. Some plants in cultivation lack pappi; they are referable to var. exaristatus de Candolle, not treated formally here.</p> | |discussion=<p><i>Cosmos bipinnatus</i> is native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. A garden favorite, it has escaped and naturalized widely elsewhere in the flora area (and in warm climates almost worldwide), and it has been seeded along roadsides by some highway departments. Many cultivated races and hybrids differ considerably from the wild type described above, varying widely in stature and in coloration of both ray and disc corollas. Some plants in cultivation lack pappi; they are referable to var. exaristatus de Candolle, not treated formally here.</p> | ||
|tables= | |tables= | ||
| − | |references= | + | |references={{Treatment/Reference |
| + | |id=bate1980a | ||
| + | |text=Bate Smith, E. C. 1980. Astringent tannins of Cosmos bipinnatus. Phytochemistry 19: 982. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=pillai1975a | ||
| + | |text=Pillai, A., S. K. Pillai, and O. Jacob. 1975. Embryogeny, histogenesis and apical meristems of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. Acta Bot. Indica 3: 68–78. | ||
| + | }} | ||
}}<!-- | }}<!-- | ||
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|elevation=0–1000 m | |elevation=0–1000 m | ||
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico;introduced in West Indies;Central America;South America;Asia. | |distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico;introduced in West Indies;Central America;South America;Asia. | ||
| − | |reference= | + | |reference=bate1980a;pillai1975a |
|publication title=Icon. | |publication title=Icon. | ||
|publication year=1791 | |publication year=1791 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/ | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_501.xml |
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae | |tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae | ||
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae | |subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae | ||
Revision as of 20:38, 16 December 2019
Plants 30–200 cm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, sometimes scabridulous. Leaves: petioles 0 or to 1 cm; blades 6–11 cm, ultimate lobes to 1.5 mm wide, margins entire, apices acute (indurate). Peduncles 10–20 cm. Calyculi of spreading, linear to lanceolate bractlets 6–13 mm, apices acuminate. Involucres 7–15 mm diam. Phyllaries erect, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7–13 mm, apices round or obtuse. Ray corollas white, pink, or purplish, laminae obovate to oblanceolate, 15–50 mm, apices ± truncate, dentate. Disc corollas 5–7 mm. Cypselae 7–16 mm, glabrous, papillose; pappi 0, or of 2–3 ascending to erect awns 1–3 mm. 2n = 24.
Phenology: Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides
Elevation: 0–1000 m
Distribution
Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Va., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Mexico, introduced in West Indies, Central America, South America, Asia.
Discussion
Cosmos bipinnatus is native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. A garden favorite, it has escaped and naturalized widely elsewhere in the flora area (and in warm climates almost worldwide), and it has been seeded along roadsides by some highway departments. Many cultivated races and hybrids differ considerably from the wild type described above, varying widely in stature and in coloration of both ray and disc corollas. Some plants in cultivation lack pappi; they are referable to var. exaristatus de Candolle, not treated formally here.