View source for Tetrachondraceae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Tetrachondraceae
|accepted_authority=Skottsberg ex Wettstein
|publications=
|common_names=Tetrachondra Family
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Tetrachondraceae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Tetrachondraceae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 3
|treatment_page=page 8
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--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, sometimes annual, not fleshy, autotrophic. <b>Stems</b> prostrate to ascending. <b>Leaves</b> cauline, opposite, simple; stipules reduced to ridges; petiole absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or finely serrate. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary, dichasial or monochasial cymes, sometimes flowers solitary in axils. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, perianth and androecium partly hypogynous [hypogynous]; sepals 4 or 5(or 6), proximally connate, calyx radially symmetric; petals 4(or 5), proximally connate, corolla radially symmetric, regular, short-funnelform [subrotate]; stamens 4(or 5), adnate to corolla, equal, staminode 0; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary partly inferior [superior], 2[–4]-locular, placentation axile [basal]; ovules anatropous or amphitropous, unitegmic, tenuinucellate; style 1; stigma 1. <b>Fruits</b> capsules [nutlets], dehiscence septicidal. <b>Seeds</b> [4]70–120+, yellow, angled to angled-globular; embryo straight, endosperm abundant.</span><!--

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|distribution=c;se United States;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Pacific Islands (New Zealand);introduced elsewhere in Pacific Islands;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Genera 2, species 3 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Works by B. Oxelman et al. (1999) and S. J. Wagstaff (2004) are followed in circumscribing Tetrachondraceae as comprising two formerly disparate genera, <i>Polypremum</i> and Tetrachondra Petrie ex Oliver. Oxelman et al. found evidence from rbcL and ndhF analyses supporting their membership in a clade within the Lamiales. This was confirmed by B. Schäferhoff et al. (2010) from analyses using trnK/matK, trnL-F, and rps16 sequence data.</p><!--
--><p><i>Polypremum</i> and Tetrachondra have generally been placed in different families. Tetrachondra, a genus of two species with sessile leaves and flowers with a superior ovary and gynobasic style, known only from Argentina, Chile, and New Zealand, was first placed in Crassulaceae (where its two-carpellate ovary was anomalous) by W. W. Hamilton in 1885 (S. J. Wagstaff 2004). C. Skottsberg (1912) thought it might be best treated as a unigeneric family near the Lamiaceae; A. Cronquist (1981) placed it within the Lamiaceae. <i>Polypremum</i> has often been placed in the Buddlejaceae, Loganiaceae, or Rubiaceae (see G. K. Rogers 1986).</p><!--
--><p>A. L. Takhtajan (2009) followed L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (http://delta-intkey.com) in recognizing Watson’s unigeneric, unpublished Polypremaceae, which Reveal published in 2011.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=skottsberg1912a
|text=Skottsberg, C. 1912. Tetrachondra patagonica n. sp. und die systematische Stellung der Gattung. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48(suppl.): 17–26.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=wagstaff2004a
|text=Wagstaff, S. J. 2004. Tetrachondraceae. In: K. Kubitzki et al., eds. 1990+. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. 14+ vols. Berlin, etc. Vol. 7, pp. 441–444.
}}
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Tetrachondraceae
|author=Richard K. Rabeler;Craig C. Freeman
|authority=Skottsberg ex Wettstein
|rank=family
|parent rank=
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Tetrachondraceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=c;se United States;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Pacific Islands (New Zealand);introduced elsewhere in Pacific Islands;Australia.
|reference=skottsberg1912a;wagstaff2004a
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_1412.xml
}}<!--

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