View source for Solanum elaeagnifolium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Solanum elaeagnifolium
|accepted_authority=Cavanilles
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Icon.
|place=3: 22, plate 243. 1795
|year=1795
}}
|common_names=Silverleaf nightshade;white horsenettle;trompillo
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Solanaceae;Solanum;Solanum elaeagnifolium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Solanaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Solanum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Solanum elaeagnifolium]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 14
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>or shrubs, perennial, erect, rhizomatous, sparsely to densely armed, to 1 m, prickles orange to brown, straight, to 5 mm, densely silvery-pubescent, hairs sessile or subsessile, stellate, scalelike, 10–15-rayed, central ray shorter than lateral rays, lateral rays fused at center. <b>Leaves</b> petiolate; petiole 1–5 cm; blade simple, lanceolate to oblong, 5–15 × 0.5–3 cm, margins undulate, subentire to sinuate or shallowly lobed, lobe margins entire, base truncate to cuneate. <b>Inflorescences</b> extra-axillary, unbranched, 3–5(–7)-flowered, 3–5 cm. <b>Pedicels</b> 1–3 cm in flower, reflexed and 1–3 cm in fruit. <b>Flowers</b> radially symmetric; calyx not accrescent, unarmed or with sparse prickles, 5–10 mm, densely silvery-stellate-pubescent, lobes linear-lanceolate; corolla pale to deep blue or violet, rarely white, pentagonal-stellate, 2–3(–3.5) cm diam., with abundant interpetalar tissue; stamens equal; anthers narrow and tapered, 6–9 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores; ovary glabrous to densely stellate-pubescent. <b>Berries</b> yellow to orange, drying brown or black, globose, 0.5–1.5 cm diam., glabrous, without sclerotic granules. <b>Seeds</b> yellowish, flattened, 3–5 × 2–4 mm, minutely pitted. <b>2n</b> = 24, 48, 72.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Nov.
|habitat=Dry sites, open woods, disturbed areas, roadsides, railroads, fields.
|elevation=0–2100 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.Mex.;N.C.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Mexico;West Indies;South America (Argentina;Chile;Paraguay;Uruguay);introduced elsewhere in South America (Colombia;Peru);Eurasia (Mediterranean;Middle East;India;Pakistan);Africa;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Solanum elaeagnifolium has a disjunct native distribution. It occurs in arid regions of the southwestern United States and Mexico and also in Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. North American plants are diploid, whereas those in Argentina are diploid, tetraploid, or hexaploid. It is invasive and considered a noxious weed in 21 states in the flora area as well as in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It is toxic to livestock and can form large, rhizomatous patches that are difficult to eradicate.</p><!--
--><p>A white-flowered form has been recognized as Solanum elaeagnifolium forma albiflorum Cockerell.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Solanum elaeagnifolium
|authority=Cavanilles
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Solanaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Nov.
|habitat=Dry sites, open woods, disturbed areas, roadsides, railroads, fields.
|elevation=0–2100 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.Mex.;N.C.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Mexico;West Indies;South America (Argentina;Chile;Paraguay;Uruguay);introduced elsewhere in South America (Colombia;Peru);Eurasia (Mediterranean;Middle East;India;Pakistan);Africa;Australia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Icon.
|publication year=1795
|special status=Weedy;Illustrated
|source xml=
|genus=Solanum
|species=Solanum elaeagnifolium
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Solanum]]