View source for Pogonatum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pogonatum
|accepted_authority=P. Beauvois
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Mag. Encycl.
|place=5: 329. 1804 ,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Polytrichaceae;Pogonatum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Polytrichaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pogonatum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek pogon, beard, alluding to hairy calyptra
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 15, 22, 24, 121, 122, 123, 124, 142
|treatment_page=page 155
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>medium to large, in loose pure tufts or growing among other bryophytes, or individual stems small and scattered over a persistent protonemal mat. <b>Stems</b> simple or branched by subfloral innovations. <b>Leaves</b> with a sheathing base merging gradually or ± abruptly contracted to the blade, the sheath entire (toothed in <i>P. contortum</i>), with or without incrassate hinge-cells at the shoulders, not hyaline-margined (except in <i>P. urnigerum</i>); margins serrate, toothed, or entire, without a differentiated border of elongated cells; adaxial lamellae numerous and compact, occupying the full width of the blade, or somewhat fewer with an evident marginal lamina, marginal cells not differentiated, or strongly differentiated, thick-walled and coarsely papillose. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous; male plants similar to females in appearance, or bud-like and inconspicuous. <b>Seta</b> smooth. <b>Capsule</b> ovoid to short-cylindric, ± regular to somewhat asymmetric, terete, sometimes with 4 or more indistinct angles or ridges; hypophysis not differentiated, tapering; stomata none; exothecium mammillose to scabrous, the exothecial cells mamillate or with a single papillate projection of the outer wall; operculum rostrate from a convex base; epiphragm persistent, attached to the peristome teeth; peristome deeply reddish pigmented (at least in the median line), the teeth 32, compound, with median sinus narrow or almost obliterated. <b>Calyptra</b> with a densely matted felt of hairs, covering most or all of the capsule. <b>Spores</b> finely papillose.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;tropical America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australasia;widespread in the tropics of both hemispheres;with only a few North temperate representatives.
|discussion=<p>Species 52 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>North American species of <i>Pogonatum</i> vary greatly in size and habit from tall, laxly tufted plants to protonema mosses with individual plants scattered and only a few millimeters high. <i>Pogonatum contortum</i> of the Pacific Northwest, with leaves strongly crisped and contorted when dry, is the most “typical” of the genus as a whole. <i>Pogonatum brachyphyllum</i> and <i>P. pensilvanicum</i> are protonema-mosses, the gametophyte consisting of a persistent felted mat of protonema and leafy plants small and scattered. The other two species are distinctly polytrichoid in habit, with the margins of the lamellae thick-walled and coarsely papillose. <i>Pogonatum dentatum</i> is an arctic-montane species, whereas <i>P. urnigerum</i> has a somewhat more southerly distribution and occurs as well in the Himalayas and New Guinea. The sporophytes of our species are more uniform, with a scabrous exothecium, deeply pigmented peristome with compound peristome teeth, and no stomata. The exothecial “papillae” are projections of the cell wall, unlike the wart-like cuticular papillae often seen on the leaf surfaces of many Polytrichaceae.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=hyvonen1989a
|text=Hyvönen, J. 1989. A synopsis of genus Pogonatum (Polytrichaceae, Musci). Acta Bot. Fenn. 138: 1–87.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants to 0.6 cm, scattered over a green, persistent protonema
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants 3-8(-12) cm, in loose pure tufts or growing among other bryophytes
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Lamellae 25-40, compact, the leaf appearing thick and fleshy; leaf margins entire.
|[[Pogonatum brachyphyllum|Pogonatum brachyphyllum]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Lamellae 11-16, the leaf membranous; leaf margins irregularly notched.
|[[Pogonatum pensilvanicum|Pogonatum pensilvanicum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves toothed from the apex nearly to the base; marginal cells of lamellae not differentiated, smooth
|[[Pogonatum contortum|Pogonatum contortum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves toothed above the shoulders, the margins of the sheath entire; marginal cells of lamellae thick-walled and coarsely papillose
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaf margins with multicellular, hooked teeth; leaf sheath not hyaline-margined; marginal cells of lamellae ± rectangular, flat-topped, the lumen quadrate; peristome divided nearly to the base.
|[[Pogonatum dentatum|Pogonatum dentatum]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaf margins with mostly 1-cellular teeth; leaf sheath hyaline-margined; marginal cells of lamellae rounded to transversely elliptical, the lumen pentagonal; peristome divided to ca. 0.6.
|[[Pogonatum urnigerum|Pogonatum urnigerum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pogonatum
|author=Gary L. Smith Merrill
|authority=P. Beauvois
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Polytrichaceae
|distribution=North America;tropical America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australasia;widespread in the tropics of both hemispheres;with only a few North temperate representatives.
|reference=hyvonen1989a
|publication title=Mag. Encycl.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_193.xml
|genus=Pogonatum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Polytrichaceae]]