View source for Ostrya ← Ostrya You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Ostrya |accepted_authority=Scopoli |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Fl. Carniol., |place=414. 1760, name conserved }} |common_names=Hop-hornbeam |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Betulaceae;Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae;Ostrya |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Betulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ostrya]]</div></div> |etymology=Latin ostrya, hop-hornbeam, from Greek ostryos, scale, in reference to the scaly infructescences |volume=Volume 3 |mention_page= |treatment_page= }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> 9–18 m; trunks usually 1, branching mostly deliquescent, trunk and branches terete. <b>Bark</b> of trunk and branches brownish gray to light brown, thin, smooth, breaking and shredding into shaggy vertical strips and scales; lenticels generally inconspicuous. <b>Wood</b> nearly white to light brown, very hard and heavy, texture fine. <b>Branches</b>, branchlets, and twigs conspicuously 2-ranked; young twigs differentiated into long and short shoots. <b>Winter</b> buds sessile, ovoid, somewhat laterally compressed, apex acute; scales many, imbricate, longitudinally striate. <b>Leaves</b> on long and short shoots, 2-ranked. <b>Leaf</b> blade narrowly ovate to ovate, elliptic, or obovate with 10 or more pairs of lateral veins, 2.5–13 × 1.5–6 cm, thin, margins doubly serrate to serrulate; surfaces abaxially glabrous to tomentose. <b>Inflorescences</b>: staminate catkins terminal on branches, mostly in small, racemose clusters, formed previous growing season and exposed during winter, expanding with leaves; pistillate catkins proximal to staminate on short, lateral, leafy new growth, solitary, ± erect, elongate, bracts and flowers uncrowded. <b>Staminate</b> flowers in catkins 3 per bract, crowded together on pilose receptacle; stamens 3(–6), short; filaments often divided part way to base; anthers divided into 2 parts, each 1-locular, apex pilose. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers 2 per bract. <b>Infructescences</b> loosely imbricate, strobiloid clusters of closed inflated bracts; clusters pendulous, elongate; bracts deciduous with fruit, inflated, bladderlike, each bract enclosing 1 fruit. <b>Fruits</b> small nutlets, ovoid, longitudinally ribbed, often crowned with persistent sepals and styles. <b>x</b> = 8.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Mostly north temperate zones |discussion=<p>Species ca. 5 (3 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>In North America <i>Ostrya</i> consists of small trees in the northern temperate deciduous forest zone and in the mountains of southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico. Mexican populations have generally been treated as conspecific with <i>O. virginiana</i> of eastern United States and Canada. They differ in various respects, however, including leaf shape and indumentum; the morphologic variation and phytogeography of the complex as a whole should be carefully examined. <i>Ostrya</i> carpinifolia Scopoli is a common and important forest tree of southern Europe.</p><!-- --><p><i>Ostrya</i> shares many features with <i>Carpinus</i>. The staminate catkins in most species of <i>Ostrya</i> are produced the season before anthesis but, unlike <i>Carpinus</i>, they are exposed during the winter. Dispersal occurs as it does in <i>Carpinus</i>, except that the bracts form closed, bladderlike structures rather than flat wings.</p><!-- --><p>The wood of <i>Ostrya</i> is used for fuel, fence posts, and various other purposes. It was formerly utilized for manufacturing items subject to prolonged friction, including sleigh runners, wheel rims, and airplane propellers. Because of its hardness, it has been used for tool handles, mallet heads, and other hard wooden objects.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=fernald1936b |text=Fernald, M. L. 1936b. Plants from the outer coastal plain of Virginia. Rhodora 38: 376--404, 414--452. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blade (5–)8–10(–13) cm, apex usually abruptly acuminate; infructescences 3.5–6.5 cm; e, nc United States, adjacent Canada. |[[Ostrya virginiana|Ostrya virginiana]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blade 2.5–6.5 cm, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; infructescences 2–4 cm; sw United States. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate-elliptic to broadly elliptic to nearly orbiculate; petiole and young twigs often bearing stipitate glands; staminate catkins 2–3 cm; w Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah. |[[Ostrya knowltonii|Ostrya knowltonii]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate; petiole and young twigs without stipitate glands; staminate catkins 3.5–5 cm; endemic to Chisos Mountains in Big Bend National Park, Texas. |[[Ostrya chisosensis|Ostrya chisosensis]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Ostrya |authority=Scopoli |rank=genus |parent rank=subfamily |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Betulaceae |distribution=Mostly north temperate zones |reference=fernald1936b |publication title=Fl. Carniol., |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_3.xml |subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae |genus=Ostrya }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Betulaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Ostrya.