View source for Listera

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Listera
|accepted_authority=R. Brown
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew.
|place=5: 201. 1813
|year=1813
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae;Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae;Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae;Listera
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Listera]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Martin Lister (1638–1711), noted English physician and naturalist
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 496, 591
|treatment_page=page 586
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, terrestrial. <b>Roots</b> slender, fibrous. <b>Stems</b> slender to stout, glabrous proximal to leaves; cauline bracts 2(–3), enclosing base of stem. <b>Leaves</b> 2(–3, rarely), at apex of stem, opposite or subopposite, sessile, glabrous. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, 2–100-flowered racemes; peduncle and rachis densely glandular-pubescent or glabrate; floral bracts inconspicuous, lanceolate, elliptic, suborbiculate-ovate, rhombic-ovate, or oblong. <b>Flowers</b> resupinate, maroon-purple, yellowish green to dark green, blue-green, or pinkish tan; dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, elliptic-obovate, linear-elliptic, or lanceolate; lateral sepals semiorbiculate-elliptic, ovate, linear-elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, often falcate-recurved; petals reflexed, spreading, or connivent, linear, linear-oblong to lanceolate, or elliptic, falcate; lip prominently deflexed or not, sessile or clawed, linear-oblong to obovate, suborbiculate-ovate, or ovate-reniform, base of lip with or without prominent auricles or lobes, apex deeply 2-lobed, dilated to rounded, apiculate; calli various, papillose, pair of horns, or with 1–2 lamellae; column arcuate, thick, short, apex expanded or not; anther on adaxial side of column near apex; pollinia 2, yellow, soft; ovaries pedicellate. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, horizontal to semierect, ellipsoid, ovoid, or subglobose, glabrous or glabrate to glandular-pubescent.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Cool temperate regions;Northern and Southern hemispheres.
|discussion=<p>Species 25 (8 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Lip cleft 1/2–2/3 its length into 2 pointed, linear-lanceolate apical lobes; column 0.5–1 mm.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Lip expanded at apex or if cleft, then less than 1/2 its length and apical lobes rounded; column 1.5–4 mm.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Lip with basal auricles rounded and projecting distally, partially surrounding column; flowers smaller, dorsal and lateral sepals 1.5 mm.
|[[Listera australis|Listera australis]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Lip with basal auricles or lobes pointed and projecting outward like horns, not partially surrounding column; flowers larger, dorsal and lateral sepals 2–3 mm.
|[[Listera cordata|Listera cordata]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Lip ± as broad at apex as at base, with basal auricles or lobes extending beyond column.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Lip broader at apex than at base, without basal auricles or lobes extending beyond column.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Auricles curving around and clasping base of column; pedicels glabrous, rarely glabrate; dorsal sepal 3–3.5 mm, lateral sepals 3–4 mm.
|[[Listera auriculata|Listera auriculata]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Auricles divergent from column; pedicels glandular-pubescent; dorsal sepal 4–6 mm, lateral sepals 4.5–7 mm.
|[[Listera borealis|Listera borealis]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Lip with short claw, not sessile.
|[[Listera convallarioides|Listera convallarioides]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Lip sessile, without claw.
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Lip deflexed, base of lip without teeth or lobules; pedicels stout, 3–4 mm; capsules 10 mm.
|[[Listera ovata|Listera ovata]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Lip not deflexed, base of lip with teeth or lobules; pedicels slender, 4–12 mm; capsules 5 mm.
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Lip rounded or retuse at apex, base with 2 small, pointed auricles; pedicels glandular-puberulent.
|[[Listera caurina|Listera caurina]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Lip deeply notched at apex into 2 broadly rounded lobes, base with rounded lobules on each side; pedicels glabrous.
|[[Listera smallii|Listera smallii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Listera
|author=Lawrence K. Magrath;Ronald A. Coleman
|authority=R. Brown
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Orchidaceae
|distribution=Cool temperate regions;Northern and Southern hemispheres.
|reference=None
|publication title=in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew.
|publication year=1813
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_1197.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae
|genus=Listera
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae]]