View source for Gutierrezia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Gutierrezia
|accepted_authority=Lagasca
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Sp. Pl.,
|place=30. 1816
|year=1816
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Gutierrezia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Gutierrezia]]</div></div>
|etymology=Possibly for Pedro Gutierrez, Spanish nobleman, not specified by Lagasca
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 8, 9, 13, 87, 89, 94, 95, 437
|treatment_page=page 88
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals,</b> perennials, or subshrubs, 10–150(–200) cm (taprooted). <b>Stems</b> erect to ascending, usually branched, glabrous or papillate-scabrous to minutely hispidulous or scabro-hirtellous. <b>Leaves</b> basal (persistent or absent at flowering) and cauline; alternate; sessile or petiolate (decurrent); blades (1–5-nerved) linear to lanceolate or spatulate, margins entire (sometimes scabroso-ciliate), faces glabrous or minutely hairy, gland-dotted (sometimes obscurely), resinous. <b>Heads</b> radiate, borne singly or (3–6) in clusters or glomerules. <b>Involucres</b> cylindric to campanulate, (2–11.5 ×) 0.8–7.5 mm. <b>Phyllaries</b> 4–40 in 2–4 series (stramineous), 1- or 3-nerved, (sometimes strongly convex or keeled), ovate to lanceolate, unequal, bases white-indurate, margins narrowly scarious, abaxial faces glabrous or sparsely hispidulous or hirtellous. <b>Receptacles</b> flat to conic, pitted (hairy, hairs 1-seriate, swollen, apically hooked), epaleate. <b>Ray</b> florets 1–30, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow or white (laminae coiling). <b>Disc</b> florets 1–150, bisexual, fertile, sometimes functionally staminate; corollas yellow or white, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect, short-deltate; style-branch appendages linear-lanceolate. <b>Cypselae</b> (light tan to purplish black) clavate or cylindric, not compressed, 5–8-nerved, hairy (glabrous in <i>G. wrightii</i>; hairs white, usually arising primarily from between ribs, appearing to occur in longitudinal lines, usually obscuring faces, apices acute or blunt with terminal cells slightly divergent, or clavate to bulbous); pappi persistent or readily falling, coroniform or of 5–10 whitish, irregular, sometimes ± connate, often erose-margined, scales in 1–2 series (usually longer in discs than rays). <b>x</b> = 4.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w North America;w South America.
|discussion=<p>Species 28 (10 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Amphiachyris</i> sometimes has been placed within <i>Gutierrezia</i>; it was treated as distinct by M. A. Lane (1982). The monotypic genus <i>Thurovia</i> from southeast Texas was included in <i>Gutierrezia</i> by Lane; recent molecular data support its status as a separate genus. Evidence from Y. Suh and B. B. Simpson (1990) suggested that <i>Amphiachyris</i> and <i>Thurovia</i> form the sister group to <i>Gutierrezia</i>. The taxonomic history of <i>Gutierrezia</i> also has been intertwined with species of <i>Xanthocephalum</i>, a genus superficially similar to <i>Gutierrezia</i> but more closely related to <i>Grindelia</i> and <i>Isocoma</i>.</p><!--
--><p><i>Gutierrezia</i> is recognized by its taprooted habit, gland-dotted leaves, small heads, receptacles with fimbriate pit borders, funnelform disc corollas, clavate-hairy cypselae, pappi coroniform or of scales, and base chromosome number of x = 4. Polyploidy is common but of little taxonomic significance; polyploids of different levels tend to be scattered through the range of a species, and populations often comprise mixtures of individuals of different euploid levels (M. A. Lane 1985).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=lane1985a
|text=Lane, M. A. 1985. Taxonomy of Gutierrezia (Compositae: Astereae) in North America. Syst. Bot. 10: 7–28.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=solbrig1960b
|text=Solbrig, O. T. 1960b. Cytotaxonomic and evolutionary studies in the North American species of Gutierrezia. Contr. Gray Herb. 188: 1–63.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=solbrig1964a
|text=Solbrig, O. T. 1964. Infraspecific variation in the Gutierrezia sarothrae complex (Compositae–Astereae). Contr. Gray Herb. 193: 67–115.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=solbrig1965a
|text=Solbrig, O. T. 1965. The California species of Gutierrezia. Madroño 18: 75–84.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=solbrig1970a
|text=Solbrig, O. T. 1970. The phylogeny of Gutierrezia: An eclectic approach. Brittonia 22: 217–229.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Annuals
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Perennials or subshrubs
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cauline leaves (1–)3–5-nerved, proximal usually persistent at flowering; phyllary apices conduplicate, swollen, appearing abaxially keeled; cypsela faces pebbly or warty with raised oil cavities, glabrous
|[[Gutierrezia wrightii|Gutierrezia wrightii]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cauline leaves 1-nerved (sometimes 3-nerved in G. texana), proximal usually absent at flowering; phyllary apices flat; cypsela faces moderately to densely hairy, never with oil cavities
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Involucres 4–7 mm diam.; ray corollas white, drying light yellow or reddish; pappi obscured by cypsela indument; cypsela hairs with bulbous-capitate apices
|[[Gutierrezia arizonica|Gutierrezia arizonica]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Involucres 2–5 mm diam.; ray corollas yellow; pappi not hidden by cypsela indument; cypsela hairs with acute to clavate apices
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Stems smooth, glabrous; cypsela hairs with acute apices; pappi of scales or essentially absent
|[[Gutierrezia texana|Gutierrezia texana]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Stems papillate-scabrous, often sparsely so; cypsela hairs with clavate apices; pappi of scales
|[[Gutierrezia sphaerocephala|Gutierrezia sphaerocephala]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Heads mostly sessile or subsessile, in glomerules, often in broad, dense, flat-topped arrays
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Heads mostly pedunculate, in relatively open arrays
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Involucres cylindric, 1–1.5 mm diam.; ray florets 1(–2); disc florets 1(–2), functionally staminate (corollas obdeltate-funnelform, throats widely flaring, lobes 1/3 corolla lengths, recurved-coiling)
|[[Gutierrezia microcephala|Gutierrezia microcephala]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Involucres cuneate-campanulate to cylindric, 1.5–2(–3) mm diam.; ray florets (2–)3–8; disc florets (2–)3–9, bisexual, fertile (corollas tubular-funnelform, lobes deltate and erect to spreading or recurved)
|[[Gutierrezia sarothrae|Gutierrezia sarothrae]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Perennials; basal leaves persistent; ray corollas 5–8(–10) mm; disc florets 15–23
|[[Gutierrezia petradoria|Gutierrezia petradoria]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Subshrubs; basal leaves not persistent; ray corollas 2–7 mm; disc florets 5–15(–17)
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Stems sparsely scabrous or glandular-scabrous to glabrate; phyllary apicesthickened; cypselae loosely strigose; Utah
|[[Gutierrezia pomariensis|Gutierrezia pomariensis]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Stems glabrous or minutely hispidulous; phyllary apices not thickened; cypselae densely strigoso-sericeous; California and Arizona
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Stems glabrous or minutely hispidulous; involucres turbinate to cylindro-turbinate (longer than diam.), 2.5–4 mm diam.; cypselae 2–2.8 mm;California
|[[Gutierrezia californica|Gutierrezia californica]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Stems glabrous; involucres narrowly campanulate lengths ± equaling diams., 3–4 mm diam.; cypselae 1–1.2 mm; Arizona
|[[Gutierrezia serotina|Gutierrezia serotina]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Gutierrezia
|author=Guy L. Nesom
|authority=Lagasca
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=w North America;w South America.
|reference=lane1985a;solbrig1960b;solbrig1964a;solbrig1965a;solbrig1970a
|publication title=Gen. Sp. Pl.,
|publication year=1816
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V20_170.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Gutierrezia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]