View source for Fagopyrum esculentum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Fagopyrum esculentum
|accepted_authority=Moench
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Methodus,
|place=290. 1794
|year=1794
}}
|common_names=Common buckwheat;sarrasin commun
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Polygonum fagopyrum
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=1: 364. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Fagopyrum sagittatum
|authority=Gilibert
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Fagopyrum vulgare
|authority=T. Nees
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Polygonaceae;Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae;Fagopyrum;Fagopyrum esculentum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Polygonaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Fagopyrum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Fagopyrum esculentum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 572
|treatment_page=page 573
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>ascending or erect, green or striped with pink or red, branched, (7–)15–90 cm. <b>Leaves</b>: ocrea brownish hyaline, loose, funnelform, 2–8 mm, margins truncate, eciliate, glabrous or puberulent proximally; petiole 1.5–6(–9) cm, usually puberulent adaxially; blade palmately veined with 7–9 primary basal veins, hastate-triangular, sagittate-triangular, or cordate, 2.5–8 × 2–8 cm, base truncate or cordate to sagittate, margins ciliolate, apex acute to acuminate. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal and axillary, paniclelike, 1–4 cm, usually crowded at stem apices; peduncle 0.5–4 cm, puberulent in lines. <b>Pedicels</b> ascending or recurved, 2.5–4 mm. <b>Flowers</b> chasmogamous, heterostylous [homostylous]; perianths creamy white to pale pink; tepals elliptic to obovate, (2.5–)3–5 mm, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; stamens ca. 1/2 as long as or slightly longer than perianth; styles 1.5–2 mm or 0.5–1 mm; stigmas purplish. <b>Achenes</b> uniformly light brown or streaked with dark brown or black, sharply 3-gonous, 4–6 × 4–6 mm, faces smooth, angles prominent, unwinged or essentially so, smooth or occasionally with blunt tooth in proximal 1/3. <b>2n</b> = 16 (China).</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Sep; fruiting Jun–Nov.
|habitat=Cultivated as crop plant, waif along railroads, roadsides, fields, waste places, occasionally weedy
|elevation=0-2200 m
|distribution=Alta.;Man.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Asia (China);introduced in Central America;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p><i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i> is a heterostylous, obligate out-crosser. Morphological, allozyme, and molecular data suggest that the cultivated plants are most closely related to wild ones in northwestern Yunnan, China.</p><!--
--><p>Common buckwheat is an important pseudocereal crop in China, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Poland; it is grown in many other countries. It is planted frequently in wildlife food plots, as a catch or cover crop, and as a honey plant in North America. Hulls from the achenes are used for pillow filling, which manufacturers claim has health benefits over traditional foam, polyester, or down fillings.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Fagopyrum esculentum
|authority=Moench
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Fagopyrum sagittatum;Fagopyrum vulgare
|basionyms=Polygonum fagopyrum
|family=Polygonaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Sep; fruiting Jun–Nov.
|habitat=Cultivated as crop plant, waif along railroads, roadsides, fields, waste places, occasionally weedy
|elevation=0-2200 m
|distribution=Alta.;Man.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Asia (China);introduced in Central America;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Methodus,
|publication year=1794
|special status=Introduced;Illustrated
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_1173.xml
|subfamily=Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae
|genus=Fagopyrum
|species=Fagopyrum esculentum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Fagopyrum]]