View source for Eleocharis tortilis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Eleocharis tortilis
|accepted_authority=(Link) Schultes
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Mant.
|place=2: 92. 1824
|year=1824
}}
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Scirpus tortilis
|authority=Link
|rank=species
|publication_title=Jahrb. Gewächsk.
|publication_place=1(3): 78. 1820
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Eleocharis;Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis;Eleocharis sect. Eleocharis;Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae;Eleocharis tortilis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Eleocharis sect. Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>series</small>[[Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Eleocharis tortilis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 23
|mention_page=page 68, 70, 91, 93
|treatment_page=page 92
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, forming dense clumps, not stoloniferous, rhizomatous. <b>Rhizomes</b> usually present, caudexlike, ascending, 1 mm thick, hidden by crowded culms; internodes and scales not evident. <b>Culms</b> sometimes spirally twisted, usually minutely red-spotted at 30X, acutely triangular or sometimes elliptic, 15–70 cm × 0.3–0.5(–1) mm, soft (to firm), often minutely granular at 10X. <b>Leaves</b>: distal leaf sheaths persistent, stramineous to green, often minutely red-spotted, membranous to papery, apex subacute to narrowly acute, often with toothlike callus. <b>Spikelets</b>: basal spikelets absent; never proliferous, ovoid to lanceoloid or ellipsoid, terete, 4–12 × 2–4 mm, apex acute; proximal scale empty, deciduous, clasping 1/2 of culm, similar to floral scales; subproximal scale often empty; floral scales spiraled, 10–25, 5–6 per mm of rachilla, pale orange-brown, midrib regions broadly pale green to colorless, broadly ovate, 2–2.5(–3.5) × 1.5–2 mm, central area and often flanks papery to cartilaginous or sometimes membranous, midrib evident, apex subacute (to rounded). <b>Flowers</b>: perianth bristles 4–6, bright brown, stout, equaling to slightly exceeding tubercle; spinules dense, retrorse, sharply acute; stamens 3; anthers 0.5–0.9 mm; styles 3-fid. <b>Achenes</b> medium brown or yellowish or greenish, obpyriform, obtusely (often obscurely) compressed trigonous, angles evident, 1.2–1.7(–2.4) × 0.9–1.2(–2.2) mm, apex constricted proximal to tubercle, coarsely cancellate at 10X, each face with 8–10 longitudinal rows of distinctly depressed, enlarged cells. <b>Tubercles</b> brown to greenish (or bone-white), pyramidal, trigonous or cross section plano-convex, 0.3–0.7(–1) × 0.3–0.6(–0.9) mm, distinctly shorter or narrower than achene, apex acute, often acuminate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Fruiting spring (in south)–fall.
|habitat=Wet soil, freshwater, acidic places, seeps, bogs, ditches
|elevation=10–100 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Md.;Miss.;N.J.;N.C.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|discussion=<p><i>Eleocharis tortilis</i> differs consistently from <i>E. tuberculosa</i> only in tubercle size. Most specimens of <i>E. tortilis</i> have culms that are sharply trigonous and no more than 0.5 mm wide. However, about two-thirds of the specimens of <i>E. tortilis</i> from Texas resemble <i>E. tuberculosa</i> in having culms that are elliptic or subelliptic in cross section and that sometimes reach 1 mm wide. Those elliptic-culmed plants may deserve taxonomic recognition. I have not seen voucher specimens for reports in the literature (H. K. Svenson 1937; M. L. Brown and R. G. Brown 1984) for Alabama (Mobile, 1800s), Delaware (1908), Maryland (1863–1878), and New York (Long Island, 1903).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Eleocharis tortilis
|authority=(Link) Schultes
|rank=species
|parent rank=series
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Scirpus tortilis
|family=Cyperaceae
|phenology=Fruiting spring (in south)–fall.
|habitat=Wet soil, freshwater, acidic places, seeps, bogs, ditches
|elevation=10–100 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Md.;Miss.;N.J.;N.C.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Mant.
|publication year=1824
|special status=Illustrated;Endemic
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_130.xml
|genus=Eleocharis
|subgenus=Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis
|section=Eleocharis sect. Eleocharis
|series=Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae
|species=Eleocharis tortilis
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae]]