View source for Cynara

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cynara
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 827. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 359. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Cynara
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cynara]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek kynara, artichoke
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 57, 58, 66, 67, 83
|treatment_page=page 89
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>or perennials, 50–250 cm, herbage ± arachnoid-tomentose. <b>Stems</b> ± erect, simple or branched, (leafy), stout. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline; petiolate (basal and proximal cauline) or sessile (distal cauline); blade margins 1–3-pinnately lobed or divided, sometimes essentially compound, spineless or with slender to very stout marginal spines, cauline progressively smaller and less divided distally, distalmost bractlike, abaxial faces pilose to densely gray-tomentose, adaxial glabrous or thinly tomentose, sometimes glandular. <b>Heads</b> discoid, borne singly or in few-headed, terminal, cymiform arrays. <b>Involucres</b> hemispheric or ovoid, sometimes constricted distally, 5–15 cm diam. <b>Phyllaries</b> many in 5–8+ series, unequal; outer lanceolate to broadly ovate, leathery, margins entire, with appressed bases and spreading apical appendages, acute to broadly obtuse or truncate, spine-tipped or spineless; inner scarious. <b>Receptacles</b> concave to flat or convex, epaleate, densely long-bristly. <b>Florets</b> many; corollas white, blue, or purple, tubes very slender, throats abruptly expanded, cylindric, lobes linear; anther bases long-sagittate, fringed, apical appendages oblong; style branches: fused portions long, cylindric, minutely papillate, distinct portions minute. <b>Cypselae</b> ± cylindric to obpyramidal, ± 4-angled, finely ribbed, sometimes ± flattened, glabrous, apices truncate, smooth, attachment scars basal; pappi falling in rings of many (white or brownish), stiff bristles in 3–7 series, connate at bases, plumose proximally, often merely barbed distally. <b>x</b> = 34.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Mediterranean region;Macaronesia;w Asia.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 8 (1 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=wiklund1992a
|text=Wiklund, A. 1992. The genus Cynara L. (Asteraceae–Cardueae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 109: 75–123.
}}
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cynara
|author=David J. Keil
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=Mediterranean region;Macaronesia;w Asia.
|introduced=true
|reference=wiklund1992a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_39.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Cynara
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]