View source for Fagonia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Fagonia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 386. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Zygophyllaceae;Fagonia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Zygophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Fagonia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Guy-Crescent Fagon, 1638–1718, French botanist and chemist, physician to Louis XIV
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 29
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> subshrubs, or shrubs, perennial. <b>Stems</b> erect to spreading or ± prostrate, highly branched, angled or ridged [terete], less than 1 m, becoming woody at least at base, hairy and glandular to almost glabrate [glabrous]. <b>Leaves</b> opposite, palmately compound [rarely scalelike]; stipules persistent, stiff [herbaceous], spinelike, apex spinose or spinulose; petiolules usually present; leaflets (1–)3[–7], inserted on petiole apex, distinct, [linear] lanceolate to ovate [obovate], terminal largest, base cuneate, apex spinose, surfaces stipitate-glandular, glabrate, or glabrous [hairy]. <b>Pedicels</b> in leaf axils, erect, becoming reflexed in fruit. <b>Flowers</b> usually solitary, regular to slightly irregular by twisting of petals; sepals deciduous or persistent, 5, distinct, green to purple, equal, margins undifferentiated or sometimes membranous, apex acute-attenuate, hairy or glandular to glabrate [glabrous]; petals soon deciduous, 5, imbricate, spreading, often twisted (propellerlike), purple to pink [rarely white], ± obovate, base clawed, apex rounded, usually apiculate; nectary rudimentary; stamens 10, ± equal; filaments free, filiform, unappendaged; anthers sagittate; ovary sessile, 5-lobed, 5-locular, hairy and usually glandular; ovules (1–)2 per locule; style persistent, forming beak on fruit; stigma minute. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, ovoid, deeply 5-lobed, loculicidally dehiscent. <b>Seeds</b> usually 1 per locule, brownish to black, flat, ± ovate, seed coat mucilaginous when wet.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Warm-arid habitats.
|distribution=sw United States;nw Mexico;sw South America;w;s Asia;n;sw Africa;Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands;Cape Verde Islands).
|discussion=<p>Species 35 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Although <i>Fagonia</i> species are perennial, they sometimes facultatively form flowers and reproduce during their first season. The seeds of <i>Fagonia</i> are sticky when wet, which probably aids in dispersal (D. M. Porter 1974b).</p><!--
--><p>Although <i>Fagonia laevis</i> and <i>F. pachyacantha</i> do not cluster next to one another in the trees illustrating a phylogenetic study of the genus (B.-A. Beier et al. 2004b), they were placed together in the taxonomic revision (Beier 2005). Beier reported <i>F. californica</i> Bentham from Arizona and California, considering <i>F. laevis</i> and <i>F. longipes</i> to be synonyms; however, <i>F. californica</i> is a species of Baja California Sur and Sonora and does not occur in the flora area (D. M. Porter 1963). <i>Fagonia</i> californica differs from <i>F. longipes</i> in being prostrate-spreading, not erect to spreading; having leaflets that are elliptic to oblong-lanceolate or oblong, not linear to linear-lanceolate; and having pedicels that are stout and 1–6 mm, not slender and 8–20 mm. It differs from <i>F. laevis</i>, which has erect to spreading stems and linear-elliptic leaflets and is mostly glabrous, not densely stipitate-glandular.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=beier2004b
|text=Beier, B.-A. et al. 2004b. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the desert plant genus Fagonia (Zygophyllaceae), inferred by parsimony and Bayesian model averaging. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 33: 91–108.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=beier2005a
|text=Beier, B.-A. 2005. A revision of Fagonia (Zygophyllaceae). Syst. Biodivers. 3: 221–263.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems densely short-stipitate- or subsessile-glandular, glands golden, to 1 mm diam.; older stems glabrate basally; stipules straight, 3–16 mm, about as long as petioles.
|[[Fagonia pachyacantha|Fagonia pachyacantha]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems glabrous or densely to sparsely minutely stipitate-glandular, glands clear or yellow, to 0.1 mm diam.; older stems mostly glabrous or becoming glabrate; stipules curved, 1–6 mm, shorter than petioles.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Pedicels 8–20 mm; ovaries and capsules puberulent and minutely stipitate-glandular; stems, stipules, petioles, pedicels, and sepals stipitate-glandular; lateral leaflets about same width as terminal leaflet.
|[[Fagonia longipes|Fagonia longipes]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Pedicels 1.5–7 mm; ovaries and capsules glabrous, puberulent, or minutely strigose, not glandular; plants generally glabrous, but often pedicels and sepals, sometimes stipules and petioles, and rarely ultimate branches sparsely stipitate-glandular; lateral leaflets often narrower than terminal leaflet.
|[[Fagonia laevis|Fagonia laevis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Fagonia
|author=
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Zygophyllaceae
|habitat=Warm-arid habitats.
|distribution=sw United States;nw Mexico;sw South America;w;s Asia;n;sw Africa;Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands;Cape Verde Islands).
|reference=beier2004b;beier2005a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_1091.xml
|genus=Fagonia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Zygophyllaceae]]