View source for Stemodia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Stemodia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syst. Nat. ed.
|place=10, 2: 1091, 1118, 1374. 1759
|year=1759
}}
|common_names=Twintips
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Plantaginaceae;Stemodia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Plantaginaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Stemodia]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek stemon, stamen, and dis, double, alluding to each stamen bearing two anthers
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 15, 270, 271, 275
|treatment_page=page 279
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>[suffruticose herbs], annual or perennial. <b>Stems</b> erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, hairy [glabrous]. <b>Leaves</b> cauline, opposite or whorled; petiole absent [present]; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins serrate or denticulate. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary, spikes, racemes, or flowers solitary; bracts present or absent. <b>Pedicels</b> present or absent; bracteoles smaller than calyx lobes, not surrounding calyx of flower they subtend. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual; sepals 5, basally connate, calyx bilaterally symmetric [radially symmetric], tubular, lobes narrowly lanceolate to narrowly triangular, outer lobes ± as wide as inner; corolla blue-purple, lavender, or white, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular, tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous [hairy]; staminode 0 or 1, short-cylindric [filiform]; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, 2-lobed. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, dehiscence loculicidal, 4-valved. <b>Seeds</b> 10–150, light brown [black], ovoid or ellipsoid, wings absent.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s United States;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Asia;Africa;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 52 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Stemodia is closely allied to Leucospora, Limnophila, and Schistophragma in Gratioleae. D. Estes and R. L. Small (2008) found Stemodia to be paraphyletic as now delimited. Of the species in the flora area, only S. schottii was sampled; it appears to be in the cluster containing S. maritima Linnaeus, the type of the genus.</p><!--
--><p>Species of Stemodia can resemble other small-flowered Plantaginaceae but always can be distinguished by their distinct anther cells, their ovoid, loculicidal, four-valved capsules, and their parallel-ridged seeds. Schistophragma has pinnately lobed leaf blade margins, narrowly cylindric, septicidal fruits, and spirally ridged seeds. Leucospora is distinguished by its pinnatifid to bipinnatifid leaf blade margins, pedicels without bracteoles, and septicidal capsules. Limnophila grows in mud or shallow water and has pinnatifid blade margins of submersed leaves.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=turner1993d
|text=Turner, B. L. and C. C. Cowan. 1993. Taxonomic overview of Stemodia (Scrophulariaceae) for North America and the West Indies. Phytologia 74: 61–103.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade surfaces densely white-tomentose, bases not auriculate or clasping.
|[[Stemodia lanata|Stemodia lanata]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade surfaces sparsely hairy or sparsely glandular-hairy, bases auriculate or clasping.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Inflorescences terminal, spikes, racemes, or flowers 1–4 per axil; corollas 5–8 mm.
|[[Stemodia durantifolia|Stemodia durantifolia]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Inflorescences axillary, flowers 1 or 2 per axil; corollas 10–13 mm.
|[[Stemodia schottii|Stemodia schottii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Stemodia
|author=Kerry A. Barringer
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Plantaginaceae
|distribution=s United States;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Asia;Africa;Australia.
|reference=turner1993d
|publication title=Syst. Nat. ed.
|publication year=1759
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_672.xml
|genus=Stemodia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Plantaginaceae]]