View source for Alnus rubra

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Alnus rubra
|accepted_authority=Bongard
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Mém. Acad. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér.
|place=6, Sci. Math. 2: 162. 1833
|year=1833
}}
|common_names=Red alder;Oregon alder
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Selected by author to be illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Alnus oregona
|authority=Nuttall
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Alnus rubra var. pinnatisecta
|authority=Starker
}}
|hierarchy=Betulaceae;Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae;Alnus;Alnus rubra
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Betulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Alnus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Alnus rubra]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 28 m; trunks often several, crowns narrow or pyramidal. <b>Bark</b> gray, smooth, darkening and breaking into shallow rectangular plates in age; lenticels inconspicuous. <b>Winter</b> buds stipitate, ellipsoid, 6–10 mm, apex rounded, long; stalks 2–8 mm; scales 2–3, outer 2 equal and valvate, usually heavily resin-coated. <b>Leaf</b> blade ovate to elliptic, 6–16 × 3–11 cm, leathery, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margins strongly revolute, deeply doubly serrate or crenate, with distinctly larger secondary teeth, apex acute to obtuse; surfaces abaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent. <b>Inflorescences</b> formed season before flowering and exposed during winter; staminate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–6, 3.5–14 cm; sistillate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 3–8. <b>Flowering</b> before new growth in spring. <b>Infructescences</b> ovoid to nearly globose, 1–3.5 × 0.6–1.5 cm; peduncles 1–10 mm. <b>Samaras</b> ovate or elliptic, wings much narrower than body, irregularly elliptic to obovate, leathery. <b>2n</b> = 28.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering early spring.
|habitat=Stream banks, moist flood plains, lake shores, wet slopes, and sandy, open coasts
|elevation=0–300 m
|distribution=B.C.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash.
|discussion=<p>Alnus rubra is the largest alder in North America north of Mexico; it often forms extensive stands along streams and on low-lying flood plains in the Pacific Northwest. The strongly revolute margins of its leaf blades make it easily distinguished from all of the other alders in the flora. It is an important commercial tree; the wood is used to make inexpensive furniture, small wooden items, and paper pulp.</p><!--
--><p>Native Americans used various parts of plants of Alnus rubra medicinally as a purgative, an emetic, for aching bones, headaches, coughs, biliousness, stomach problems, scrofula sores, tuberculosis, asthma, and eczema, and as a general panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Alnus rubra
|author=
|authority=Bongard
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Alnus oregona;Alnus rubra var. pinnatisecta
|basionyms=
|family=Betulaceae
|phenology=Flowering early spring.
|habitat=Stream banks, moist flood plains, lake shores, wet slopes, and sandy, open coasts
|elevation=0–300 m
|distribution=B.C.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash.
|reference=None
|publication title=Mém. Acad. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér.
|publication year=1833
|special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated;Weedy
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_6.xml
|subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae
|genus=Alnus
|species=Alnus rubra
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Alnus]]