View source for Spiranthes vernalis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Spiranthes vernalis
|accepted_authority=Engelmann & A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Boston J. Nat. Hist.
|place=5: 236. 1845
|year=1845
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Ibidium vernale
|authority=(Engelmann & A. Gray) House
}}
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Orchidoideae;Orchidaceae tribe Cranichideae;Orchidaceae (tribe Cranichideae) subtribe Spiranthinae;Spiranthes;Spiranthes vernalis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Orchidoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Cranichideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Cranichideae) subtribe Spiranthinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Spiranthes]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Spiranthes vernalis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 531, 535, 537, 542, 544
|treatment_page=page 534
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>20–65 cm. <b>Roots</b> numerous, spreading, mostly to 1 cm diam., stout. <b>Leaves</b> persisting through anthesis, to 4–5, basal, reduced to sheathing bracts upward on stem, spreading, linear-lanceolate, keeled, 5–25 × 1 cm. <b>Inflorescences</b>: spikes loosely to tightly spiraled, 3–7 or more flowers per cycle of spiral, sometimes nearly secund; rachis densely pubescent, trichomes articulate, pointed, capitate glands absent. <b>Flowers</b> nodding to somewhat ascending, white to cream, mostly gaping; sepals distinct to base, lanceolate, 6–10 × 2–3 mm; lateral sepals spreading; petals oblong, 6–9 × 2 mm, apex obtuse; lip creamy yellow centrally or some individuals with 2 brown-orange spots, ovate, 5–8 × 4 mm; veins of lip straight, branches parallel; basal calli conic, to 1 mm; viscidium linear-lanceolate; ovary mostly 8 mm. <b>Seeds</b> monoembryonic. <b>2n</b> = 30.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jan (Fla)–Oct (north).
|habitat=Dry to moist meadows, dune hollows, prairies, old fields, roadsides, cemeteries, lawns
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.
|discussion=<p>The habit of Spiranthes vernalis is variable: inflorescences range from secund to loosely and even densely coiled, and flower shapes vary as well. The most consistent diagnostic character is the presence in inflorescences of copious articulate, pointed trichomes that readily distinguish S. vernalis from similar species.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Spiranthes vernalis
|author=
|authority=Engelmann & A. Gray
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Ibidium vernale
|basionyms=
|family=Orchidaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jan (Fla)–Oct (north).
|habitat=Dry to moist meadows, dune hollows, prairies, old fields, roadsides, cemeteries, lawns
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Boston J. Nat. Hist.
|publication year=1845
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_1083.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Orchidoideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Cranichideae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Cranichideae) subtribe Spiranthinae
|genus=Spiranthes
|species=Spiranthes vernalis
}}<!--

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