View source for Bidens laevis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Bidens laevis
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Britton
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Prelim. Cat.,
|place=29. 1888
|year=1888
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Helianthus laevis
|authority=Linnaeus
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Bidens chrysanthemoides
|authority=Michaux
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Bidens helianthoides
|authority=Kunth
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Bidens nashii
|authority=Small
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Bidens quadriaristata
|authority=de Candolle
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae;Bidens;Bidens laevis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Bidens]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Bidens laevis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 208
|treatment_page=page 215
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>(sometimes persisting), (10–)20–60(–120+) cm. <b>Leaves</b> (sometimes in 3s or 4s) sessile; blades obovate or elliptic to lanceolate or linear, (20–)50–100(–160+) × (5–)10–25(–40+) mm, bases cuneate to rounded, margins usually coarsely dentate to serrate, sometimes ciliate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous. <b>Heads</b> (erect at flowering, sometimes nodding in fruit) borne singly or in open, ± corymbiform arrays. <b>Peduncles</b> (10–)20–60 mm. <b>Calyculi</b> of 5–7(–9+) erect or spreading to reflexed, oblanceolate or lanceolate to linear, often foliaceous bractlets or bracts (6–)10–12(–20+) mm, margins usually ciliate, abaxial faces glabrous or bases hispidulous. <b>Involucres</b> turbinate to hemispheric or broader, (4–)6–8(–10+) × 8–12+ mm. <b>Phyllaries</b> 8–12, ovate or obovate to lance-oblong, (4–)6–8(–10+) mm (tips often orange to purplish, as are tips of paleae). <b>Ray</b> florets usually 7–8, rarely 0; laminae orange-yellow, (10–)15–25(–30) mm. <b>Disc</b> florets (25–)60–100(–150+); corollas yellow to orange-yellow, 3–6.5 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> blackish, red-brown, or stramineous, obcompressed, flattened or unequally 3–4-angled, ± cuneate, outer 6–8 mm, inner 8–10 mm, margins retrorsely ciliate or barbed, apices ± truncate to convex, faces ± 1-nerved, ± striate, glabrous; pappi of 2–4 ± erect, retrorsely barbed awns 3–5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 22, 24.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Aug–Oct(–Dec).
|habitat=Meadows, marshes, and margins of pools, streams, estuaries
|elevation=0–2800 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ind.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.;Mexico;Central America;South America;introduced Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|discussion=<p>Bidens laevis and B. cernua are similar in gross appearance; specimens of one are sometimes misidentified as the other. Perhaps they represent extremes of a single species.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Bidens laevis
|author=
|authority=(Linnaeus) Britton
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Bidens chrysanthemoides;Bidens helianthoides;Bidens nashii;Bidens quadriaristata
|basionyms=Helianthus laevis
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering Aug–Oct(–Dec).
|habitat=Meadows, marshes, and margins of pools, streams, estuaries
|elevation=0–2800 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ind.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Miss.;Mo.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.;Mexico;Central America;South America;introduced Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|reference=None
|publication title=Prelim. Cat.,
|publication year=1888
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_523.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae
|genus=Bidens
|species=Bidens laevis
}}<!--

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