View source for Xanthocephalum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Xanthocephalum
|accepted_authority=Willdenow
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neusten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk.
|place=1: 140. 1807
|year=1807
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Xanthocephalum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Xanthocephalum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek xanthos, yellow, and kephale, head
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 9, 89, 437, 438
|treatment_page=page 436
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>[perennials], 2–200 cm (taprooted [rhizomatous]). <b>Stems</b> erect to decumbent-ascending or prostrate, simple or branched, glandular and/or resinous. <b>Leaves</b> mostly cauline [basal and cauline]; alternate; sessile (sometimes decurrent); blades 1-nerved, oblanceolate, margins entire or spinulose-toothed (apices acute to obtuse), faces glabrous, gland-dotted [sometimes stipitate-glandular]. <b>Heads</b> radiate [discoid], borne singly or in corymbiform arrays. <b>Involucres</b> campanulate [hemispheric], 2.3–4[–7] × 5–7[–8] mm. <b>Phyllaries</b> [20–]30–40 in 2–4 series, appressed or tips spreading, 1-nerved (nerves thin; flat or outer proximally convex), ovate-lanceolate, unequal, white-indurate proximally, green distally, margins of inner scarious, faces glabrous or glandular, often viscid. <b>Receptacles</b> shallowly convex, shallowly pitted to smooth (except for raised points of cypsela attachment), epaleate. <b>Ray</b> florets [14–]15–47[–62, sometimes 0], pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow to orange-yellow. <b>Disc</b> florets [20–]40–200[–280], bisexual, fertile; corollas abruptly ampliate, tubes equaling or slightly longer [shorter] than funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect, triangular-lanceolate; style-branch appendages deltate. <b>Cypselae</b> (brownish) irregularly ovoid to oblong, compressed with rounded edges to nearly cylindric or 4–6-sided, turgid (thick-walled), without prominent ribs, faces glabrous or sparsely strigillose; pappi 0 or persistent, usually minutely crowns of awnlike scales or lacerate crowns, rarely also with short, flat bristles, usually shorter in ray. <b>x</b> = 6.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=sw United States;Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Species 6 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>The circumscription of Xanthocephalum was clarified by M. A. Lane (1982, 1983) with the transfer to Gutierrezia of some taxa traditionally included within it. The genus is distinguished from Gutierrezia by its glabrous, pitted receptacles, abruptly ampliate disc corollas, deltate style appendages, glabrous cypselae with coroniform pappi of basally fused scales or essentially lacking, and base chromosome number of x = 6.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=lane1983a
|text=Lane, M. A. 1983. Taxonomy of Xanthocephalum (Compositae: Astereae). Syst. Bot. 8: 305–316.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=nesom1989d
|text=Nesom, G. L. 1989b. Comments on the annual species of Xanthocephalum (Compositae: Astereae) with a new combination. Phytologia 66: 482–487.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=solbrig1961b
|text=Solbrig, O. T. 1961b. Synopsis of the genus Xanthocephalum (Compositae). Rhodora 63: 151–164.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Xanthocephalum
|author=Guy L. Nesom
|authority=Willdenow
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|distribution=sw United States;Mexico.
|reference=lane1983a;nesom1989d;solbrig1961b
|publication title=Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neusten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk.
|publication year=1807
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V20_999.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Xanthocephalum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]