View source for Betula cordifolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Betula cordifolia
|accepted_authority=Regel
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou
|place=13(2): 86. 1861
|year=1861
}}
|common_names=Heartleaf birch;mountain white birch;bouleau &agrave; feuilles cordées;bouleau blanc
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Betula alba var. cordifolia
|authority=(Regel) Fernald
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia
|authority=(Regel) Fernald
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Betulaceae;Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae;Betula;Betula cordifolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Betulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Betula]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Betula cordifolia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, large, irregular, to 20 m; trunks often several, trees with narrow crowns. <b>Bark</b> of young trunks and branches dark reddish brown, close, in maturity reddish white to reddish tan or bronze, exfoliating in paper-thin sheets; lenticels dark, horizontally expanded. <b>Twigs</b> glabrous to sparsely pubescent, often covered with conspicuous, warty, resinous glands. <b>Leaf</b> blade narrowly ovate to ovate with 9–12 pairs of lateral veins, 6–10(–14) × 4–8 cm, base usually cordate, rarely rounded, margins coarsely or irregularly doubly serrate, apex short-acuminate, abaxially sparsely to moderately pubescent, sometimes velutinous or tomentose along major veins and in vein axils, covered with minute, resinous glands. <b>Infructescences</b> pendulous or nearly pendulous, cylindric, 2.5–5.5 × 0.6–1 cm, shattering with fruits in fall; scales glabrous to moderately pubescent, lobes diverging proximal to middle, central lobe elongate, obtuse, lateral lobes ascending, shorter and slightly broader than central lobe. <b>Samaras</b> with wings broader than body, broadest near summit, extended beyond body apically. <b>2n</b> = 28, 56.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late spring.
|habitat=Moist, rocky slopes or rich, open forest
|elevation=800–2000 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.Y.;N.C.;Pa.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p><i>Betula cordifolia</i> has been reported from Connecticut; I have not seen specimens.</p><!--
--><p>In recent years <i>Betula cordifolia</i> has usually been treated as a variety of <i>B. papyrifera</i>, and perhaps it should be considered an ecological race of that species. It differs from <i>B. papyrifera</i> in polyploid level (diploid and tetraploid in <i>B. cordifolia</i> versus tetraploid, pentaploid, and hexaploid in <i>B. papyrifera</i>) and in vegetative characters, including the number of lateral veins of leaves and the color of bark (W. H. Brittain and W. F. Grant 1967; P. E. DeHond and C. S. Campbell 1989). In the Adirondacks, <i>B. cordifolia</i> and <i>B. papyrifera</i> occur in rather distinct ecological zones (<i>B. cordifolia</i> mostly above 800 m and <i>B. papyrifera</i> generally below this elevation). The species does not appear to occur as far west (Iowa) as stated by M. L. Fernald (1950).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Betula cordifolia
|authority=Regel
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Betula alba var. cordifolia;Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia
|basionyms=
|family=Betulaceae
|phenology=Flowering late spring.
|habitat=Moist, rocky slopes or rich, open forest
|elevation=800–2000 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.Y.;N.C.;Pa.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou
|publication year=1861
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_92.xml
|subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae
|genus=Betula
|species=Betula cordifolia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Betula]]