View source for Cynosurus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cynosurus
|accepted_authority=L.
|publications=
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Pooideae;Poaceae tribe Poeae;Cynosurus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Pooideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Poeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cynosurus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 24
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 685
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual or perennial; sometimes rhizomatous. <b>Culms</b> 1.5-90 cm, erect. <b>Cauline</b> leaves 1-3; sheaths open to the base; auricles absent; ligules truncate, entire, erose, or ciliolate; blades flat. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal panicles, condensed, often spikelike, linear to almost globose, more or less unilateral; branches and pedicels stiff, straight, smooth and glabrous or almost so, sometimes slightly scabridulous, scabrules/hairs to 0.1 mm. <b>Spikelets</b> dimorphic, usually paired, subsessile to shortly pedicellate, laterally compressed, proximal spikelet of each pair sterile, almost completely concealing the fertile spikelet, distal spikelet on each branch sometimes solitary; disarticulation above the glumes, beneath the florets. <b>Sterile</b> spikelets persistent, with 6-18 florets, florets reduced to narrow, linear-lanceolate lemmas, sometimes awned, awns terminal; glumes narrow, linear. <b>Fertile</b> spikelets adaxial to the sterile spikelets, with 1-5 florets; rachillas glabrous, prolonged beyond the base of the distal floret; glumes 2, subequal and shorter than the spikelets, thin, lanceolate, 1-veined, acute, sometimes awned; calluses short, blunt, glabrous; lemmas glabrous or pubescent, 5-veined, acute or bidentate, unawned to conspicuously awned, awns terminal; paleas about as long as the lemmas, bifid; lodicules 2, free, glabrous, ovate, bilobed; anthers 3; ovaries broadly ellipsoid, glabrous; styles separate. <b>Caryopses</b> oblong-ellipsoid, subterete, slightly dorsally compressed, sometimes adherent to the paleas: hila 1/5-1/2 as long as the caryopses, oblong to linear. <b>x</b> = 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Mont.;Oreg.;Conn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Wash.;Del.;Wis.;W.Va.;N.H.;N.Mex.;Tex.;La.;Tenn.;N.C.;S.C.;Pa.;B.C.;Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.);N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Va.;Colo.;Calif.;Ala.;Ark.;Vt.;Ga.;Okla.;Idaho;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Ohio;Mo.;Mich.;R.I.;Miss.
|discussion=<p><i>Cynosurus</i> is a genus of eight species that grow in open, grassy, often weedy habitats. It is native around the Mediterranean and in western Asia. The affinities of the genus are obscure. Two species are established in the Flora region.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=ennos1985a
|text=Ennos, R.A. 1985. The mating system and genetic structure in a perennial grass, Cynosurus cristatus L. Heredity 55:121-126
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=jirasek1964a
|text=Jirasek, V. and J. Chrtek. 1964. Zur frage des taxonomischen Wertes der Gattung Cynosurus L. Novit. Bot. Delect. Seminum Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 20:23-27
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=lodge1959a
|text=Lodge, R.W. 1959. Biological flora of the British Isles: Cynosurus cristatus L. J. Ecol. 47:511-518.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants perennial; panicles linear; fertile lemmas unawned or with awns shorter than 3 mm
|[[Cynosurus cristatus|Cynosurus cristatus]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants annual; panicles ovoid to almost globose; fertile lemmas with awns 5-25 mm long
|[[Cynosurus echinatus|Cynosurus echinatus]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cynosurus
|author=Sandy Long;
|authority=L.
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|distribution=Mont.;Oreg.;Conn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Wash.;Del.;Wis.;W.Va.;N.H.;N.Mex.;Tex.;La.;Tenn.;N.C.;S.C.;Pa.;B.C.;Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.);N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Va.;Colo.;Calif.;Ala.;Ark.;Vt.;Ga.;Okla.;Idaho;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Ohio;Mo.;Mich.;R.I.;Miss.
|reference=ennos1985a;jirasek1964a;lodge1959a
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V24/V24_968.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Pooideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Poeae
|genus=Cynosurus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Poeae]]