View source for Menziesia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Menziesia
|accepted_authority=Smith
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Pl. Icon. Ined.
|place=3: plate 56. 1791,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ericaceae;Ericaceae subfam. Ericoideae;Menziesia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ericaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Ericaceae subfam. Ericoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Menziesia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Archibald Menzies, 1754–1842, Scottish physician and naturalist with Vancouver Expedition 1790–1795, whobrought the type species from the Northwest Coast
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 372, 375, 449, 451, 456
|treatment_page=page 450
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs.</b> Stems erect, spreading, or straggling; young twigs minutely pilose and hairy; (older twigs without peglike projections). <b>Leaves</b> deciduous, alternate, (crowded toward branch tips); petiole present; blade membranous, margins crenulate-serrulate, (rolled under in bud, abaxial surface 1/3+ visible except sometimes in bud). <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal umbelliform or corymbiform clusters on previous year’s shoots, 2–10-flowered; perulae ± persistent, scarious, margins minutely ciliate. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, ± bilaterally symmetric; sepals 4[–5], connate ca. 3/4 their lengths; petals 4[–5], connate for ca. 2/3 their lengths, corolla deciduous, cylindric-urceolate, soon campanulate, (glabrous or finely puberulent adaxially); stamens 8 [5 or 10], included; anthers without awns, dehiscent adaxially by 2 longitudinal, terminal slits; ovary 4[–5]-locular; style included; stigma capitate. <b>Fruits</b> capsular, ovoid to ovoid-oblong or obovate, dehiscence basipetally septicidal. <b>Seeds</b> ca. 50–90, linear or narrowly ovoid, ± prolonged to form apiculate tip or elongate appendage, without wings; testa smooth, membranous. <b>x</b> = 13.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;e Asia (Japan).
|discussion=<p>Species 7–10 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>A close relationship of <i>Menziesia</i> and <i>Rhododendron</i> is hypothesized based on matK analysis. The slightly zygomorphic flowers of the 5-merous <i>Menziesia</i> are similar to those in many species of <i>Rhododendron</i>. Flattened multicellular scales present on the abaxial midrib are also found in <i>Rhododendron</i> sect. Tsususi and on closely related Tsusiophyllum, prompting K. A. Kron (1997) to suggest including both taxa within <i>Rhododendron</i>. Inclusion of <i>Menziesia</i> within <i>Rhododendron</i> is implied also by matK and trnK intron sequence analysis (Y. Kurashige et al. 2001), although its exact relationship remains unresolved.</p><!--
--><p>Levels of genetic diversity among populations in North American <i>Menziesia</i> are quite low relative to gene diversity within populations as indicated by isozyme, flavonoid, and morphological studies, possibly indicating a recent evolutionary origin (T. C. Wells and B. A. Bohm 1994). Divergence between <i>M. pilosa</i> and <i>M. ferruginea</i> from a common widespread ancestor could have occurred as recently as the Pleistocene, some 300,000 to 800,000 years before present. Isozyme data suggest a time of divergence between the Coast/Cascade and Rocky Mountain phenotypes of <i>M. ferruginea</i> of only 60,000 to 80,000 years before present, coincident with the Wisconsin Glaciation, which may have had some effect on north–south and east–west divergences of morphological and isozyme forms (Wells and Bohm).</p><!--
--><p>Species of <i>Menziesia</i> occur in mid to late successional-stage forests in temperate to subalpine habitats. The flowers are pollinated by bumblebees (Bombus Latreille spp.) and other bees. The fine seeds are gravity-dispersed but are apparently susceptible to some dispersal by air currents.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=bohm1984a
|text=Bohm, B. A., H. M. Banek, and J. R. Maze. 1984. Flavonoid variation in North American Menziesia (Ericaceae). Syst. Bot. 9: 324–345.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hickman1969a
|text=Hickman, J. C. and M. P. Johnson. 1969. An analysis of geographical variation in western North American Menziesia (Ericaceae). Madroño 20: 1–32.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=wells1994a
|text=Wells, T. C. and B. A. Bohm. 1994. Isozyme variation in North American Menziesia (Ericaceae). Syst. Bot. 19: 407–423.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Abaxial leaf surfaces stipitate-glandular and/or hairy, midvein scales lanceolate, not cleft or, rarely, 2-cleft; filaments hairy near base; capsules glabrous or very sparsely stipitate-glandular and/or puberulent; seeds pale brown, linear, 2.5-3 mm including 2 appendages of 1 mm each; w North America.
|[[Menziesia ferruginea|Menziesia ferruginea]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Abaxial leaf surfaces densely pilose, midvein scales narrowly oblong, lacerate or cleft; filaments glabrous; capsules densely stipitate-glandular; seeds brown, narrowly ovoid, ca. 1 mm including apiculuslike appendage of 0.1 mm; se United States
|[[Menziesia pilosa|Menziesia pilosa]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Menziesia
|author=Dorothy M. Fabijan
|authority=Smith
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Ericaceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=North America;e Asia (Japan).
|reference=bohm1984a;hickman1969a;wells1994a
|publication title=Pl. Icon. Ined.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V8/V8_890.xml
|subfamily=Ericaceae subfam. Ericoideae
|genus=Menziesia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ericaceae subfam. Ericoideae]]