View source for Douglasia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Douglasia
|accepted_authority=Lindley
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Quart. J. Sci. Lit. Arts [
|place=24]: 385. 1827, name conserved
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Primulaceae;Douglasia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Primulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Douglasia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For David Douglas, 1798–1834, Scottish botanist and collector in northwestern North America
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 257, 258, 264, 265
|treatment_page=page 263
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>perennial (biennial in <i>D. alaskana</i>), usually cushion- or mat-forming, sometimes succulent (often suffrutescent). <b>Rhizomes</b> absent; roots slightly fibrous or a taproot. <b>Stems</b> prostrate to ascending, simple or dichotomously branched. <b>Leaves</b> in multiple basal rosettes (single rosette in <i>D. alaskana</i>), simple; petiole absent or obscure, broadly winged; blade linear to broadly lanceolate, spatulate, or cuneate, base attenuate, margins entire or slightly dentate, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes 3-toothed, surfaces glabrous or hairy, hairs simple, branched, or stellate. <b>Scapes</b> usually several per rosette, elongating until fruiting. <b>Inflorescences</b> umbels, 2–10-flowered, involucrate, or solitary flowers; bracts absent or 1–10. <b>Pedicels</b> absent or ascending, erect in fruit. <b>Flowers</b> homostylous; sepals 5, green, keeled at least on tube, calyx broadly campanulate, 5-angled, glabrous or stellate-hairy, lobes not reflexed, length ± equaling tube; petals 5, pink, rose, or purple, sometimes turning white or violet in age, corolla salverform, constricted at throat, lobes not reflexed, shorter than tube, apex entire or erose; stamens included; filaments indistinct; anthers not connivent. <b>Capsules</b> ovoid to globose, valvate, dehiscent to base. <b>Seeds</b> 1–4, brown, 4-angled, oblong, reticulate. <b>x</b> = 18, 19.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=nw North America;e Asia (Russian Far East);arctic and alpine regions.
|discussion=<p>Species 9 (9 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Whether <i>Douglasia</i> should be considered a separate genus, part of a very broadly construed <i>Androsace</i>, or, perhaps, part of a new segregate genus comprising <i>Androsace</i> sect. Aretia, has been a longstanding question and remains unresolved. Molecular analyses (G. M. Schneeweiss et al. 2004) show a distinct clade that includes the North American and arctic <i>Douglasia</i> species; it is part of a larger primarily European group of <i>Androsace</i> species in sect. Aretia. Although morphologically very similar to those <i>Androsace</i> species, the <i>Douglasia</i> clade differs in chromosome number (chiefly 2n = 38) and shows a large range disjunction between the Alps and the Bering Strait. As currently construed, <i>Androsace</i> in the broad sense covers a broad range of morphologies, especially in the little-studied Asiatic sect. Pseudoprimula, which, morphologically and karyologically, is closer to <i>Primula</i> than to other <i>Androsace</i>; other sections such as the Chamaejasme group show lesser but still significant discontinuities. Additional comprehensive genetic analyses of the entire <i>Androsace</i> complex are needed before it will be possible to assess the appropriateness of segregate or aggregate nomenclature. This treatment follows the current, conventional view in North America of a segregate generic status for <i>Douglasia</i>.</p><!--
--><p>Throughout its range, <i>Douglasia</i> shows a pattern of closely related species with narrow distributions. The species differ primarily in the type and placement of hairs on the vegetative parts; these characters are consistent and reliable markers. Molecular markers (G. M. Schneeweiss et al. 2004) support close relationships but also indicate separate branches that support species-level designations as well as separate clades within <i>Douglasia</i>, where arctic species form one group and those of the continental northwest, from Washington to Montana, another.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=constance1938a
|text=Constance, L. 1938. A revision of the genus Douglasia Lindl. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 19: 249–259.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=kelso1992a
|text=Kelso, S. 1992. Conspectus of the genus Douglasia (Primulaceae) with comments on Douglasia alaskana, an Alaska–Yukon alpine endemic. Canad. J. Bot. 70: 593–596.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves in single basal rosette; plants not cushion- or mat-forming
|[[Douglasia alaskana|Douglasia alaskana]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves in multiple rosettes or plants cushion- or mat-forming
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems ± densely covered with reddish or reddish brown, marcescent leaves; arctic species of Alaska and Canada
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems with green or gray to light maroon leaves (not densely covered with reddish or reddish brown, marcescent leaves); Cordilleran species of northwestern North America and southern Canada
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades usually glabrous adaxially, margin hairs simple
|[[Douglasia arctica|Douglasia arctica]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades usually hairy adaxially, sometimes only at apex, margin hairs simple, forked, or branched
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves prominently recurved, blade with simple hairs.
|[[Douglasia ochotensis|Douglasia ochotensis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves ascending or erect, blade with mostly forked, branched or stellate hairs
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Calyx and bracts densely hairy, hairs branched and/or stellate.
|[[Douglasia beringensis|Douglasia beringensis]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Calyx and bracts glabrous.
|[[Douglasia gormanii|Douglasia gormanii]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Inflorescences 1-2-flowered.
|[[Douglasia montana|Douglasia montana]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Inflorescences (2-)3-10-flowered
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Leaf blades densely hairy, hairs branched and stellate.
|[[Douglasia nivalis|Douglasia nivalis]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Leaf blades usually glabrous, sometimes ciliate on margins
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Leaf blades 1-2 mm wide; involucral bracts lanceolate to ovate- lanceolate.
|[[Douglasia idahoensis|Douglasia idahoensis]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Leaf blades 2-6 mm wide; involucral bracts lanceolate to ovate.
|[[Douglasia laevigata|Douglasia laevigata]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Douglasia
|author=Sylvia Kelso
|authority=Lindley
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Primulaceae
|distribution=nw North America;e Asia (Russian Far East);arctic and alpine regions.
|reference=constance1938a;kelso1992a
|publication title=Quart. J. Sci. Lit. Arts [
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V8/V8_538.xml
|genus=Douglasia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Primulaceae]]