View source for Berberis vulgaris

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Berberis vulgaris
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 330. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Common barberry;épine-vinette;berbéris vulgaire
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W2
|label=
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Berberidaceae;Berberis;Berberis vulgaris
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Berberidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Berberis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Berberis vulgaris]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> deciduous, 1-3 m. <b>Stems</b> dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. <b>Bark</b> of 2d-year stems gray, glabrous. <b>Bud</b> scales 2-3 mm, deciduous. <b>Spines</b> present, simple or 3-fid. <b>Leaves</b> simple; petioles 0.2-0.8 cm. <b>Leaf</b> blade obovate to oblanceolate or almost elliptic, 1-veined from base, 2-6(-8) × 0.9-2.8 cm, thin and flexible, base short- to long-attenuate, margins plane, finely serrate, each with (8-)16-30 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with spines or bristles to 0.6-1.4 × 0.1 mm, apex rounded or obtuse; surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous. <b>Inflorescences</b> racemose, lax, 10-20-flowered, 2-6 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acute. <b>Flowers</b>: anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. <b>Berries</b> red or purple, ellipsoid, 10-11 mm, juicy, solid.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring (May–Jun).
|habitat=Roadsides, woods, old fields
|elevation=0-1800 m
|distribution=B.C.;Man.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;native;Europe.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, <i>Berberis vulgaris</i> was very commonly cultivated in North America for thorn hedges and as a source of jam and yellow dye. It frequently escaped from cultivation and became naturalized over a wide area of eastern North America. It is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. As the most important alternate host of this fungus, it has been the subject of vigorous eradication programs, and it is now infrequent or absent in many areas where it was once frequent (A. P. Roelfs 1982).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Berberis vulgaris
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Berberidaceae
|phenology=Flowering spring (May–Jun).
|habitat=Roadsides, woods, old fields
|elevation=0-1800 m
|distribution=B.C.;Man.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;native;Europe.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=W2;Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_710.xml
|genus=Berberis
|species=Berberis vulgaris
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Berberis]]