View source for Xanthium spinosum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Xanthium spinosum
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 987. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Spiny cocklebur;clotbur;lampourde épineuse
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Xanthium ambrosioides
|authority=Hooker & Arnott
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Xanthium spinosum var. inerme
|authority=Bel
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae;Xanthium;Xanthium spinosum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Xanthium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Xanthium spinosum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 20
|treatment_page=page 19
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>10–60(–120+) cm; nodal spines usually in pairs, simple or 2–3-partite, 15–30+ mm. <b>Leaves</b>: petioles 1–15(–25+) mm; blades ± ovate to lanceolate or lance-linear, 4–8(–12+) × 1–3(–5+) cm, often pinnately 3(–7+)-lobed, abaxial faces gray to white, densely strigose. <b>Burs</b> 10–12(–15+) mm. <b>2n</b> = 36.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jul–Oct.
|habitat=Damp or seasonally wet, alkaline soils, waste places, margins of agriculture
|elevation=10–1000 m
|distribution=N.B.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Mexico;Central America;South America;widely established in Old World.
|discussion=<p>Some authors have contended that <i>Xanthium spinosum</i> originated in South America and is introduced and/or naturalized everywhere else that it is found.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Xanthium spinosum
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Xanthium ambrosioides;Xanthium spinosum var. inerme
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering Jul–Oct.
|habitat=Damp or seasonally wet, alkaline soils, waste places, margins of agriculture
|elevation=10–1000 m
|distribution=N.B.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Mexico;Central America;South America;widely established in Old World.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_28.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae
|genus=Xanthium
|species=Xanthium spinosum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Xanthium]]