View source for Euphorbia ophthalmica

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Euphorbia ophthalmica
|accepted_authority=Persoon
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syn. Pl.
|place=2: 13. 1806
|year=1806
}}
|common_names=Florida hammock sandmat
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chamaesyce ophthalmica
|authority=(Persoon) D. G. Burch
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Euphorbia hirta var. procumbens
|authority=(Boissier) N. E. Brown
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=E. pilulifera var. procumbens
|authority=Boissier
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Euphorbia;Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum;Euphorbia ophthalmica
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Euphorbia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Euphorbia ophthalmica]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 252
|treatment_page=page 280
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> usually annual, rarely short-lived perennial, with slender to slightly thickened taproot. <b>Stems</b> usually prostrate, rarely ascending, 6–22 cm, usually both strigillose and hirsute. <b>Leaves</b> opposite; stipules distinct, subulate-filiform, undivided or divided into 2–4 narrowly triangular to linear-subulate segments, no dark, circular glands at base of stipules, 0.9–1.5 mm, pilose or strigillose; petiole 0.3–1.2 mm, glabrescent, strigillose, or sericeous; blade usually ovate or oblong, rarely subrhombic, 4–13 × 3–7 mm, base asymmetric, one side usually angled and other side rounded, margins coarsely serrulate, apex acute, surfaces often with red spot in center, strigillose or sericeous, or adaxial surface glabrescent; 3-veined from base. <b>Cyathia</b> in dense, terminal, capitate glomerules, with reduced, bractlike leaves subtending cyathia; peduncles 0–0.8 mm. <b>Involucre</b> obconic, 0.5–0.7 × 0.4–0.6 mm, strigillose; glands 4, yellow green to pink, circular to slightly oblong, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages absent or white to pink, forming thin rim around edge of gland or oblong, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.3 mm, distal margin entire or shallowly lobed. <b>Staminate</b> flowers 2–8. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: ovary strigillose, often canescent when young; styles 0.1–0.3 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. <b>Capsules</b> ovoid, 1–1.2 × 1–1.3 mm, strigillose; columella 0.7–1.1 mm. <b>Seeds</b> orange-brown to pinkish, narrowly ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.7–0.9(–1.1) × 0.5 mm, usually rugulose, with 3–6 faint, low, transverse ridges, rarely almost smooth.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting year-round.
|habitat=Hammock forests, disturbed areas in lawns, roadsides.
|elevation=0–200 m.
|distribution=Ark.;Calif.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Mo.;Pa.;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;introduced in Europe.
|discussion=<p><i>Euphorbia ophthalmica</i> is a weedy species distributed throughout the Neotropics. It is also adventive in the Old World. Whether it is indeed native to the southeastern United States is questionable; it is introduced in Arkansas, California, Missouri, and Pennsylvania and likely occurs also in other states. Although sometimes treated as <i>E. hirta</i> <i></i>var.<i> procumbens</i>, <i>E. ophthalmica</i> appears sufficiently distinct to justify recognition at the rank of species, differing primarily by its mostly prostrate growth form, smaller leaves, and strictly terminal clusters of cyathia.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Euphorbia ophthalmica
|authority=Persoon
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Chamaesyce ophthalmica;Euphorbia hirta var. procumbens;E. pilulifera var. procumbens
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting year-round.
|habitat=Hammock forests, disturbed areas in lawns, roadsides.
|elevation=0–200 m.
|distribution=Ark.;Calif.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Mo.;Pa.;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;introduced in Europe.
|reference=None
|publication title=Syn. Pl.
|publication year=1806
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_1108.xml
|genus=Euphorbia
|section=Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum
|species=Euphorbia ophthalmica
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum]]