View source for Aronia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Aronia
|accepted_authority=Medikus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Philos. Bot.
|place=1: 140, 155. 1789
|year=1789
}}
|common_names=Chokeberry
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Adenorachis
|authority=(de Candolle) Nieuwland
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pyrus sect. Adenorachis
|authority=de Candolle
|rank=section
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sorbus sect. Aronia
|authority=(Medikus) C. K. Schneider
|rank=section
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Aronia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Aronia]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek Aria, name for whitebeam (formerly a species of Sorbus), alluding to resemblance to chokeberry fruit
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 429, 433, 447, 489
|treatment_page=page 445
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> 8–20 dm; suckering. <b>Stems</b> 1–20+, erect; bark gray or brown, smooth; short shoots absent; unarmed; appressed-pilose, glabrous, or glabrescent. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous, cauline, simple; stipules persistent, adnate to petiole, narrowly triangular, margins glandular; petiole present; blade elliptic to obovate, 2.5–7.5(–18) cm, membranous, margins flat, glandular serrulate-dentate, venation pinnate, surfaces glabrous or glabrescent to pilose (or villous). <b>Inflorescences</b> lateral and apparently terminal, 5–12(–20)-flowered, corymbose, appressed pilose; bracts reduced to glands; bracteoles reduced to glands. <b>Pedicels</b> present. <b>Flowers</b>: perianth and androecium epigynous, 12–20 mm diam.; hypanthium campanulate, 1–2 mm, glabrous or villous; sepals 5, erect, triangular; petals 5, white to pale pink, elliptic to orbiculate, base clawed; stamens 16–22, equal to petals; carpels 5, connate proximally, adnate to hypanthium, hairy, styles terminal, distinct; ovules 2. <b>Fruits</b> pomes, red or black, obovoid or subglobose, 6–9(–11) mm, glabrous or pilose; hypanthium persistent; sepals persistent, ± appressed; carpels cartilaginous; styles and often filaments persistent. <b>Seeds</b> 1–8 per pome, 2–3 mm. <b>x</b> = 17.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=e North America.
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Aronia</i> has been included in <i>Photinia</i> (K. R. Robertson et al. 1991) on morphologic evidence, but C. Kalkman (2004) doubted this conclusion; a phylogenetic analysis by C. S. Campbell et al. (2007), using chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequence data, did not find a close relationship between <i>A. arbutifolia</i> and <i>P. villosa</i>. Historically, species of <i>Aronia</i> have been assigned variously to Adenorachis, <i>Crataegus</i>, Halmia M. Roemer, <i>Malus</i>, <i>Mespilus</i>, <i>Pyrus</i>, and <i>Sorbus</i>. <i>Aronia</i> latifolia Riddell from Kentucky appears to be a form of <i>Amelanchier canadensis</i>. <i>Aronia</i> is cultivated for food (juice, wine, and jam, and as a soft drink flavoring) and as an ornamental for its leaf color, for example, in the former Soviet Union (as A. mitschurinii A. K. Skvortsov & Maitulina), Sweden (H. A. Persson Hovmalm et al. 2004), and in North America.</p><!--
--><p>Experiments by J. W. Hardin (1973) suggested that species of <i>Aronia</i> are variously outbreeding, self-compatible, or apomictic. They can also hybridize with <i>Sorbus</i>, forming the intergeneric hybrid ×Sorbaronia C. K. Schneider (see 53. <i>Sorbus</i>). The primary pollinators are thought to be small bees.</p><!--
--><p>Varieties have been described for each species, but they are not recognized here as they appear to represent merely extremes of variation.</p><!--
--><p><i>Aronia</i> ×prunifolia (Marshall) Rehder [<i>Mespilus</i> prunifolia Marshall; Adenorachis atropurpurea (Britton) Nieuwland; <i>Aronia</i> atropurpurea Britton; A. floribunda (Lindley) Sweet; <i>Photinia</i> floribunda (Lindley) K. R. Robertson & J. B. Phipps; <i>Pyrus</i> floribunda Lindley], the purple chokeberry, is intermediate between the two species in indumentum but has purple pomes. It is found in St. Pierre and Miquelon, eastern Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec), and the eastern United States (Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin).</p><!--
--><p>J. W. Hardin (1973) concluded that the two species are fairly distinct but that <i>Aronia</i> ×prunifolia tends to obscure the boundary between them, making meaningful identification difficult. The fact that the putative hybrid tends to make apparently normal fruit could be the result of apomixis. It could also explain why it has been able to spread beyond the range limits of at least one of its putative parents.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=hardin1973a
|text=Hardin, J. W. 1973. The enigmatic chokeberries. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100: 178–184.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves shiny adaxially, glabrous or glabrescent; hypanthia glabrous; pomes black.
|[[Aronia melanocarpa|Aronia melanocarpa]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves dull adaxially, abaxially pilose (except for glabrous forms); hypanthia villous, especially proximally; pomes red.
|[[Aronia arbutifolia|Aronia arbutifolia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Aronia
|author=Richard J. Pankhurst†
|authority=Medikus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Adenorachis;Pyrus sect. Adenorachis;Sorbus sect. Aronia
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|distribution=e North America.
|reference=hardin1973a
|publication title=Philos. Bot.
|publication year=1789
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_751.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae
|genus=Aronia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae]]