View source for Barbarea verna

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Barbarea verna
|accepted_authority=(Miller) Ascherson
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Brandenb.
|place=1: 36. 1860
|year=1860
}}
|common_names=Early winter or Belle Isle or American or land cress;scurvygrass
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Erysimum vernum
|authority=Miller
|rank=species
|publication_title=Gard. Dict. ed.
|publication_place=8, Erysimum no. 3. 1768
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Barbarea praecox
|authority=(Smith) R. Brown
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Campe verna
|authority=(Miller) A. Heller
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Erysimum praecox
|authority=Smith
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae;Barbarea;Barbarea verna
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Barbarea]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Barbarea verna]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 460, 461
|treatment_page=page 463
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Biennials </b>or, rarely, perennials; mostly glabrous, except blade auricles ciliate. <b>Stems</b> (1–)2.5–8 dm. <b>Basal</b> leaves: petiole (0.5–)1–6(–8) cm; blade pinnatifid to pinnatisect, 1.5–11 cm, lobes (3–)6–10 on each side, lateral lobes oblong or ovate, 0.4–3 cm × 1–10 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, terminal lobe considerably larger than lateral ones, 1–5 cm × 10–350 mm. <b>Cauline</b> leaves: blade pinnatisect, lateral lobes 1–4, (oblong to lanceolate), margins often entire, rarely coarsely toothed; conspicuously auriculate, auricles ovate or narrowly oblong, (to 10 × 4 mm, margins entire). <b>Fruiting</b> pedicels divaricate to ascending, (2–)3–6(–7) mm, terete, stout (almost as broad as fruit). <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 3–5 × 0.7–1.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally, margins scarious; petals yellow or pale yellow, oblanceolate to spatulate, (5–)6–7(–8.5) × 1.5–3 mm, base cuneate, apex truncate or emarginate; filaments 3–5 mm; anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; ovules (34–)38–48(–52) per ovary; gynophore to 0.3 mm. <b>Fruits</b> erect to ascending, not appressed to rachis, torulose, subterete to slightly latiseptate, (4.5–)5.3–7(–8) cm × 1.5–2 mm; style stout, 0.2–1(–2) mm. <b>Seeds</b> dark brown, somewhat plump, oblong or quadrate, 1.8–2.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Jul.
|habitat=Waste grounds, fields, limestone glades, rocky outcrops, fields, railroad embankments, disturbed sites, roadsides
|elevation=0-1600 m
|distribution=B.C.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ala.;Alaska;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Europe;Asia;n;s Africa;introduced also in Mexico;South America (Argentina;Brazil;Chile);Australia.
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Barbarea verna
|authority=(Miller) Ascherson
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Barbarea praecox;Campe verna;Erysimum praecox
|basionyms=Erysimum vernum
|family=Brassicaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Jul.
|habitat=Waste grounds, fields, limestone glades, rocky outcrops, fields, railroad embankments, disturbed sites, roadsides
|elevation=0-1600 m
|distribution=B.C.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ala.;Alaska;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Europe;Asia;n;s Africa;introduced also in Mexico;South America (Argentina;Brazil;Chile);Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. Brandenb.
|publication year=1860
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_708.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae
|genus=Barbarea
|species=Barbarea verna
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Barbarea]]