View source for Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae
|accepted_authority=Tanfani in F. Parlatore
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in F. Parlatore, Fl. Ital.
|place=9: 623. 1892
|year=1892
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 4, 5, 7
|treatment_page=page 9
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>[small shrubs], winter annual, annual, or perennial; taprooted, not rhizomatous. <b>Stems</b> prostrate to erect, simple or branched. <b>Leaves</b> opposite or sometimes appearing whorled, bases connate or not, sometimes petiolate or often sessile, stipulate; stipules ovate or deltate to lanceolate or bristlelike, scarious; blade subulate or subtriangular to linear and threadlike or spatulate to ovate or orbiculate, seldom succulent. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary cymes, or flowers solitary; bracts scarious or absent; involucel bracteoles absent. <b>Pedicels</b> present or flowers sessile. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual or rarely unisexual; perianth and androecium hypogynous or perigynous; hypanthium absent or dish- or cup-shaped; sepals 5, distinct or sometimes connate proximally, hooded (<i>Drymaria</i>, <i>Polycarpon</i>) or not, awned (<i>Polycarpon</i>) or not; petals absent or (3–)5, blade clawed (<i>Drymaria</i>) or not, auricles absent, coronal appendages absent, blade apex entire, erose, or 2(–4)-fid, sometimes emarginate; stamens (1–)3–5(–10), in 1 or 2 whorls, usually arising from base of ovary or from rim of hypanthium (<i>Spergula</i>, <i>Spergularia</i>); staminodes absent; ovary 1-locular; styles 1 or 3, occasionally 2 or 5, distinct or sometimes connate proximally; stigmas 3, occasionally 2 or 5. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, opening by 3 or 5, occasionally 4 valves; carpophore sometimes present. <b>Seeds</b> 3–150+, whitish or tan to often brown or black, ± triangular, pyriform, or reniform to circular, subglobose or laterally compressed to angular (<i>Polycarpon</i>); embryo peripheral, curved or rarely annular to spirally curved (<i>Spergula</i>). <b>x</b> = [7], 8, 9, (11), 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w North America (including Mexico);w South America;Europe (Mediterranean region);Asia (Mediterranean region);Africa (Mediterranean and tropical regions);less diverse in temperate areas.
|discussion=<p>Genera 16, species ca. 210 (7 genera, 28 species in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>More commonly recognized as a tribe, Polycarpoideae is characterized by the presence of stipules, well-developed petals, and capsules. It is a relatively small group, with about four-fifths of the species in <i>Drymaria</i>, <i>Polycarpaea</i>, and <i>Spergularia</i>. Although clearly stipulate, <i>Spergularia</i> clusters with members of Alsinoideae in recent molecular studies (M. Nepokroeff et al. 2002; R. D. Smissen et al. 2002).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae
|author=Richard K. Rabeler;Ronald L. Hartman
|authority=Tanfani in F. Parlatore
|rank=subfamily
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|distribution=w North America (including Mexico);w South America;Europe (Mediterranean region);Asia (Mediterranean region);Africa (Mediterranean and tropical regions);less diverse in temperate areas.
|reference=None
|publication title=in F. Parlatore, Fl. Ital.
|publication year=1892
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_1.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Caryophyllaceae]]