View source for Brassica rapa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Brassica rapa
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 666. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Bird-rape;wild-rape;rapeseed;canola;turnip;wild-turnip;turnip-rape;field-mustard
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Brassica campestris
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Brassica campestris var. oleifera
|authority=de Candolle
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Brassica chinensis
|authority=(Loureiro) Ruprecht
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Brassica pekinensis
|authority=Loureiro
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis
|authority=(Linnaeus) Hanelt
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis
|authority=(Loureiro) Hanelt
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sinapis pekinensis
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae;Brassica;Brassica rapa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Brassica]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Brassica rapa]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 420, 422, 424
|treatment_page=page 423
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>or biennials; (roots fleshy or slender); (green to slightly glaucous), glabrous or sparsely hairy. <b>Stems</b> unbranched or branched distally, 3–10 dm. <b>Basal</b> leaves: petiole (winged), (1–)2–10(–17) cm; blade ± lyrate-pinnatifid to pinnate to pinnatisect, (5–)10–40(–60) cm × 30–100(–200) mm, (margins sinuate-dentate, sometimes ciliate), lobes 2–4(–6) each side, (terminal lobe oblong-obovate, obtuse, large, blade surfaces usually setose). <b>Cauline</b> leaves (middle and distal) sessile; base auriculate to amplexicaul, (margins subentire). <b>Racemes</b> not paniculately branched, (with open flowers overtopping or equal to buds). <b>Fruiting</b> pedicels ascending to spreading, (5–)10–25(–30) mm. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals (3–)4–6.5(–8) × 1.5–2 mm; petals deep yellow to yellow, obovate, 6–11(–13) × (2.5–)3–6(–7) mm, claw 3–7 mm, apex rounded; filaments 4–6(–7) mm; anthers 1.5–2 mm. <b>Fruits</b> ascending to somewhat spreading, torulose, terete, (2–)3–8(–11) cm × 2–4(–5) mm; valvular segment with 8–15 seeds per locule, (1.3–)2–5(–7.5) cm, terminal segment seedless, 8–22 mm. <b>Seeds</b> black, brown, or reddish, 1.1–2 mm diam.; seed coat very finely reticulate-lightly alveolate, not mucilaginous when wetted. <b>2n</b> = 20.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Sep.
|habitat=Roadsides, disturbed areas and waste places, cultivated fields, grain fields, orchards, gardens
|elevation=0-1500 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;Asia;Africa;introduced also in Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Atlantic Islands;Australia.
|discussion=<p><i>Brassica rapa</i> is widely cultivated as an oil crop and vegetable, and cultivars, especially in Asia, have been recognized as species, subspecies, and varieties. The most important crops include: rapeseed or canola, turnip (subsp. rapa), Chinese mustard or pakchoi [subsp. chinensis (Linnaeus) Hanelt], and Chinese cabbage or petsai [subsp. pekinensis (Loureiro) Hanelt]. The species is also a widespread naturalized weed [subsp. sylvestris (Linnaeus) Janchen] throughout temperate North America and elsewhere. It is self-incompatible. Hybridization in the field in Europe has been described between <i>B. napus</i> and <i>B. rapa</i> (R. B. Jørgensen and B. Andersen 1994).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Brassica rapa
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Brassica campestris;Brassica campestris var. oleifera;Brassica chinensis;Brassica pekinensis;Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis;Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis;Sinapis pekinensis
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Sep.
|habitat=Roadsides, disturbed areas and waste places, cultivated fields, grain fields, orchards, gardens
|elevation=0-1500 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;Asia;Africa;introduced also in Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Atlantic Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_625.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae
|genus=Brassica
|species=Brassica rapa
}}<!--

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