View source for Dicranodontium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Dicranodontium
|accepted_authority=Bruch & Schimper
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bryol. Europ.
|place=1: 157. 1847 ,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Dicranaceae;Dicranodontium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Dicranaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Dicranodontium]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek dicranon, pitchfork, and odon, tooth, alluding to forked peristome teeth
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 359, 376, 394, 395
|treatment_page=page 393
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>medium-sized to large, in loose to dense tufts, yellowish brown to dark green. <b>Stems</b> erect, simple or sparingly branched; rhizoids smooth, scattered along stems or present on branch bases. <b>Leaves</b> gradually or abruptly narrowed, tubulose to subtubulose proximally, weakly concave to subtubulose distally, lamina 1-stratose, acute, erect-flexuose to falcate-secund, occasionally somewhat spreading, sometimes somewhat auriculate at base; margins incurved, serrulate to nearly entire near apex; leaf apex setaceous; costa single, excurrent, broad, filling 1/5–1/2 of leaf base and most of subula, sometimes indistinct, rough distally on abaxial surface, rhizoids at base occasionally on adaxial and commonly on abaxial surfaces, with a median row of guide cells, two stereid bands, epidermal cells differentiated on both surfaces; cells incrassate nearly throughout, distal rectangular to linear, smooth or prorate on abaxial surface, becoming broader toward base, often pitted, alar cells thin-walled, inflated, hyaline or sometimes reddish. <b>Specialized</b> asexual reproduction by deciduous leaves. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous. <b>Perigonial</b> leaves broad at base, more abruptly narrowed to a shorter setaceous apex than stem leaves, paraphyses filamentous, antheridia few. <b>Perichaetial</b> leaves often with broader and longer bases more abruptly narrowed distally than stem leaves, paraphyses absent, archegonia few. <b>Seta</b> solitary, smooth, elongate, curved to cygneous, erect-sinuous when dry. <b>Capsule</b> erect and symmetric, oblong-cylindric, smooth; annulus and stomata absent; operculum long-rostrate; peristome single, teeth 16, inserted below mouth, divided nearly to base, vertically striolate nearly to tips. <b>Calyptra</b> cucullate, smooth, entire at base, naked. <b>Spores</b> spherical, smooth.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 7 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Dicranodontium</i> can be confused with <i>Campylopus</i> but difffers primarily in two features: (1) the rhizoids, in addition to being on both surfaces of the costa in the two genera, are scattered along the stems or present at branch bases in <i>Dicranodontium</i> while they are only at the branch bases and branch primordia in <i>Campylopus</i>; and (2) <i>Campylopus</i> usually has ridges or low lamellae on the abaxial surface of the costa near the leaf middle while the costa in the mid-leaf region of <i>Dicranodontium</i> is smooth. <i>Dicranodontium</i> rarely produces perichaetia and perigonia so sporophytes are extremely rare in North America.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=frahm1997a
|text=Frahm, J.-P. 1997. A taxonomic revision of Dicranodontium (Musci). Ann. Bot. Fenn. 34: 179–204.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=ireland1989a
|text=Ireland, R. R. 1989. The moss genus Dicranodontium (Dicranaceae) in Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 67: 640–649.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf bases spreading from stem at ca. 45° or sometimes more when wet, sharply serrulate to serrate at shoulders.
|[[Dicranodontium asperulum|Dicranodontium asperulum]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf bases appressed to spreading from stem at about 30° when wet, entire at shoulders
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves long, often 8 mm or more, not auriculate; costa distinct.
|[[Dicranodontium uncinatum|Dicranodontium uncinatum]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves short, seldom reaching 8 mm, auriculate; costa indistinct.
|[[Dicranodontium denudatum|Dicranodontium denudatum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Dicranodontium
|author=Robert R. Ireland Jr.
|authority=Bruch & Schimper
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Dicranaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Australia.
|reference=frahm1997a;ireland1989a
|publication title=Bryol. Europ.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_559.xml
|genus=Dicranodontium
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Dicranaceae]]