View source for Archidium alternifolium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Archidium alternifolium
|accepted_authority=(Dickson ex Hedwig) Mitten
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser.
|place=2, 8: 306. 1851,
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Phascum alternifolium
|authority=Dickson ex Hedwig
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|publication_place=24. 1801
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Archidium longifolium
|authority=Lesquereux & James
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Archidiaceae;Archidium;Archidium alternifolium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Archidiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Archidium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Archidium alternifolium]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 315, 317, 318, 319
|treatment_page=page 316
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>2–20 mm, perennial, gregarious or in dense short turfs, green or yellow-green. <b>Stems</b> simple to branched by several sterile innovations to 15 mm, becoming prostrate with age. <b>Stem</b> leaves erect to erect-spreading, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate or triangular, acuminate to subulate, 0.5–2.5 mm; costa strong, percurrent to short-excurrent, sometimes long-excurrent in long subulate tip; laminal margins plane, smooth or finely serrulate distally; median laminal cells rhomboidal to linear-rhomboidal, 5–15:1, 45–160 × 8–14 µm, becoming somewhat shorter distally, proximal cells rectangular, 3–8:1, 45–90 × 9–18 µm, cells in alar region short-rectangular to quadrate, 1–2:1, in 2–3 rows extending from 3–10 cells distally from base along margin; leaves of innovations similar to stem leaves but smaller, gradually reduced proximally. <b>Perichaetial</b> leaves erect, concave, sometimes flexuose, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate to strongly subulate, laminal cells similar to stem leaves except proximal and alar cells long-rectangular, 6–10:1, 90–140 × 14–20 µm, distinctly hyaline, at least in alar region. <b>Specialized</b> asexual reproduction occasional, of filiform uniseriate rhizoidal tubers. <b>Sexual</b> condition paroicous; antheridia typically naked or occasionally 1–2 small bracts present. <b>Capsule</b> terminal, sometimes appearing lateral due to rapid innovation growth, 300–800 µm. <b>Spores</b> typically 16 (8–36) per capsule, rounded to polyhedral, 120–260 µm, smooth or finely papillose, pale yellow to golden.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Capsules mature late fall to early spring (Nov–Mar).
|habitat=Common on moist to wet soil, mud and sand around temporary pools, along ditches and roadsides, and in fields, occasional on sandstone and limestone outcrops
|elevation=0-700 m
|distribution=Ala.;Calif.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.C.;Ohio;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Mexico;Europe;n Africa;Atlantic Islands.
|discussion=<p><i>Archidium alternifolium</i> is widely distributed in the southeastern region of the United States. It is closely related to <i>A. tenerrimum</i>, which differs by much shorter and wider lamina cells and smooth margins of perichaetial leaves. The filiform rhizoidal gemmae are difficult to find, as most collections of the species have abundant uniseriate algae growing among the rhizoids. Recently, material referred to <i>A. alternifolium</i> was collected in Santa Cruz County, California. The collection is somewhat different than typical material, however, as it has strongly subulate perichaetial leaves and much shorter lamina cells, with those in mid-leaf being somewhat irregular in shape and size. Only a few plants were found, and more material is needed to determine their status. However, collections identified as <i>A. donnellii</i> and <i>A. hallii</i> have recently been reported from the Pacific coast of Baja California, so the presence of <i>A. alternifolium</i> is not completely unexpected.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Archidium alternifolium
|authority=(Dickson ex Hedwig) Mitten
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Archidium longifolium
|basionyms=Phascum alternifolium
|family=Archidiaceae
|phenology=Capsules mature late fall to early spring (Nov–Mar).
|habitat=Common on moist to wet soil, mud and sand around temporary pools, along ditches and roadsides, and in fields, occasional on sandstone and limestone outcrops
|elevation=0-700 m
|distribution=Ala.;Calif.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.C.;Ohio;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Mexico;Europe;n Africa;Atlantic Islands.
|reference=None
|publication title=Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_431.xml
|genus=Archidium
|species=Archidium alternifolium
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Archidium]]