View source for Ulmus procera

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Ulmus procera
|accepted_authority=Salisbury
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton,
|place=391. 1796
|year=1796
}}
|common_names=English elm;English cork elm
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ulmaceae;Ulmus;Ulmus procera
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ulmaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ulmus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Ulmus procera]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 40 m; crowns open. <b>Bark</b> grayish brown, deeply ridged, flaking. <b>Wood</b> hard. <b>Branches</b>: old-growth branchlets with corky ridges; twigs reddish brown, villous to scabrous, old-growth branchlets with corky ridges. <b>Buds</b> ovoid; scales dark brown, sparsely pubescent, marginally pale-ciliate. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 3-12 mm, villous to scabrous. <b>Leaf</b> blade broadly lanceolate-elliptic to ovate, (3-)7-10 × (3-)4-6(-10) cm, base strongly oblique, not covering petiole, margins doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate; surfaces abaxially villous with woolly tufts in vein axils, pale in contrast to adaxial surface, adaxially dark green, glabrous to sparsely scabrous, margins not ciliate. <b>Inflorescences</b> dense clusters of subsessile flowers borne on lateral shoots resembling short racemes, flowers and fruits not pendulous. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx green to reddish purple or tan, shallowly lobed, lobes 5-8, marginally villous; stamens 3-5(-6); anthers dark brown, globose; stigmas white, puberulous, persistent in fruit, slender lobes incurved. <b>Samaras</b> light brown, darker brown to red in area covering seed, orbiculate, about as long as broad, 0.9-1.8 × 0.9-1.6 cm, broadly winged, glabrous except for pubescence along margin of apex, apex shallowly notched. <b>Seeds</b> thickened, not inflated. <b>2n</b> = 28.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering early–late spring.
|habitat=Persisting, sometimes naturalizing locally where species has been planted
|elevation=0-400 m
|distribution=Ont.;Calif.;Conn.;Ill.;Mass.;Mo.;N.Y.;R.I.;native to Europe.
|discussion=<p>In the absence of carefully documented naturalized populations, the North American distribution of <i>Ulmus procera</i> is very poorly known. It is locally established in British Columbia, Arizona, Louisiana, Maryland, and Michigan. It has been reported from Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Off-shoots from the root systems are often found close to planted trees, forming dense clones, especially in and around urban centers.</p><!--
--><p>Some authors have combined <i>Ulmus</i> minor Miller and <i>U. procera</i> Salisbury. This treatment follows that of Tutin and colleagues (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964-1980, vol. 1, pp. 65-66), in which the species were regarded as separate. Reports of <i>Ulmus</i> minor Miller, in the strict sense, in North America are not confirmed. Hybrids of <i>Ulmus procera</i> and <i>U. glabra</i> are reported from New York (R. S. Mitchell 1988) and may be spreading. Both <i>U. procera</i> and <i>U. glabra</i> are involved in the parentage of Dutch elm, <i>Ulmus</i> ×hollandica Pallas.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=melville1978a
|text=Melville, R. 1978. On the discrimination of species in hybrid swarms with special reference to Ulmus and the nomenclature of U. minor Mill. and U. carpinifolia Gled. Taxon 27: 345-351.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=richens1977a
|text=Richens, R. H. 1977. New designations in Ulmus minor Mill. Taxon 26: 582-593.
}}
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Ulmus procera
|authority=Salisbury
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Ulmaceae
|phenology=Flowering early–late spring.
|habitat=Persisting, sometimes naturalizing locally where species has been planted
|elevation=0-400 m
|distribution=Ont.;Calif.;Conn.;Ill.;Mass.;Mo.;N.Y.;R.I.;native to Europe.
|introduced=true
|reference=melville1978a;richens1977a
|publication title=Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton,
|publication year=1796
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_738.xml
|genus=Ulmus
|species=Ulmus procera
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ulmus]]