View source for Fumaria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Fumaria
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 699. 175
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 314. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Fumitory;fumeterre
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Fumariaceae;Fumaria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Fumariaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Fumaria]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin fumus, smoke, alluding presumably to odor of roots
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual, caulescent, from taproots. <b>Stems</b> erect to reclining, branching. <b>Leaves</b> cauline, sometimes also basal, compound; blade with 3-4 orders of leaflets and lobes, margins entire, surfaces glabrous. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal on main stem and leaf-opposed branches, racemose. <b>Flowers</b> bilaterally symmetric about 1 plane; sepals peltate with attachment near base, ovate, base rounded, margins ± lacerate, apex acute to acuminate; outer petals inconspicuously crested, one basally spurred; stamens with filaments of each bundle completely connate, adhering basally to petals; ovary ovoid; style promptly deciduous after anthesis, elongate; stigma ± 2-lobed. <b>Capsules</b> indehiscent. <b>Seed</b> 1, elaiosome absent.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Eurasia;Africa;and Atlantic islands;with greatest diversity in w Mediterranean region.
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 50 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Fumaria</i> parviflora Lamarck was reported as adventive from Europe in central Texas by D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston (1970) and in central and southern coastal California by J. C. Hickman (1993). In the former treatment F. parviflora is said to differ from <i>F. officinalis</i> by having leaf segments with channeled lobes, and capsules obtuse to apiculate or beaked, while in the latter treatment it is reported to differ from that species by having shorter (3-4 mm), cream-colored petals, the inner ones tipped purple, and ± crested capsules. Evidently, the species is found in North America only as a waif and is not naturalized here. <i>Fumaria</i> martinii Clavaud, a synonym of F. reuteri Boissier according to M. Lidén (1986), was reported from southwestern British Columbia by B. Boivin (1966), but I have not seen specimens. <i>Fumaria</i> bastardii Boreau also has been reported from British Columbia, as an infrequent garden escape on roadsides, in waste places, and at forest edges in the southern part of the province (G. W. Douglas et al. 1989). It differs from <i>F. officinalis</i> in that the corolla is dark pink and 10-12 mm long.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pedicels rigidly arcuate-recurved in fruit; capsules smooth or nearly so; corolla 9–14 mm.
|[[Fumaria capreolata|Fumaria capreolata]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pedicels straight and spreading to ascending in fruit; capsules slightly wrinkled, warty, pebbled, or shallowly pitted; corolla 5–9.5 mm.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Corolla 6–9.5 mm, spur ca. 2.5 mm.
|[[Fumaria officinalis|Fumaria officinalis]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Corolla 5–6 mm, spur 1–1.5 mm.
|[[Fumaria vaillantii|Fumaria vaillantii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Fumaria
|author=David E. Boufford
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Fumariaceae
|distribution=Eurasia;Africa;and Atlantic islands;with greatest diversity in w Mediterranean region.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_376.xml
|genus=Fumaria
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Fumariaceae]]