View source for Fontinalis hypnoides

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Fontinalis hypnoides
|accepted_authority=Hartman
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Handb. Skand. Fl. ed.
|place=4, 434. 1843
|year=1843
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Fontinalis dalecarlica var. macounii
|authority=Cardot
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. duriaei
|authority=Cardot
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. holzingeri
|authority=Cardot
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. macmillanii
|authority=Lindberg & Arnell
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. nitida
|authority=Cardot
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. nitida var. angustiretis
|authority=Cardot ex W. H. Welch
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. obscura
|authority=(Cardot) Cardot
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. subcarinata
|authority=Cardot
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. tenella
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=F. umbachii
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Fontinalaceae;Fontinalis;Fontinalis hypnoides
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Fontinalaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Fontinalis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Fontinalis hypnoides]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 495, 496, 498, 499
|treatment_page=page 497
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>to 30 cm, green, yellowish, or pale green. <b>Stems</b> slender to medium, flaccid, stem and branch apices loosely foliate, occasionally tightly short-attenuate; axillary hairs to 800 µm, 6–10 cells, basal cell quadrate, red, distal cells long-cylindric, hyaline or reddish. <b>Leaves</b> monomorphic, spreading, flaccid when dry, loosely erect-spreading when moist, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, plane or concave basally, 3–7 mm; margins plane or erect proximally, plane at apex; apex broadly acuminate, acute, or subobtuse; medial laminal cells 80–150 × 8–15 µm. <b>Perigonia</b> with leaves 0.6–0.8 mm. <b>Perichaetia</b> with leaves oval to suborbiculate, 1.8–2 mm, apex obtuse. <b>Seta</b> 0.2–0.3 mm. <b>Capsule</b> immersed to slightly emergent, oval, suboval, or oblong, 1.5–2.5 mm; operculum obtuse-conic, 0.8–1.2 mm; endostome trellis perfect. <b>Calyptra</b> 1.2–1.5 mm. <b>Spores</b> 13–20 µm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Rock, boulders, base of trees, roots, sticks in streams, swamps, lakes, ponds
|elevation=low to high elevations (0-2800 m)
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nev.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;n Asia.
|discussion=<p><i>Fontinalis hypnoides</i> is distinguished from other species in the genus by its medium size and monomorphic leaves consistently plane at the apices. Leaf shape in <i>F. hypnoides</i> is extremely variable: ovate to ovate-lanceolate (duriaei expression); lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate (hypnoides expression); and linear-lanceolate (tenella expression). Extreme expressions are sometimes recognized at the species level. A particularly distinctive expression often found in the northern Great Lakes area (mac-millanii expression) has subconcave, ovate-lanceolate leaves often twisted at the apices.</p><!--
--><p><i>Fontinalis sphagnifolia</i> differs from <i>F. hypnoides</i> in having tight, long-attenuate stem and branch apices and a mixture of leaf apices with plane or erect to incurved margins. Stiff forms of <i>F. hypnoides</i> can resemble <i>F. novae-angliae</i>, but that species has leaf apices with erect to incurved margins. <i>Fontinalis sullivantii</i> always has linear-lanceolate stem leaves and most of its forms differ from <i>F. hypnoides</i> in their smaller size and in having strongly dimorphic stem and branch leaves. <i>Fontinalis hypnoides</i> (tenella expression) and <i>F. redfearnii</i> both have linear-lanceolate leaves with plane apical margins; however, <i>F. redfearnii</i> has strongly dimorphic leaves and longer (6–9 mm) stem leaves.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Fontinalis hypnoides
|authority=Hartman
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Fontinalis dalecarlica var. macounii;F. duriaei;F. holzingeri;F. macmillanii;F. nitida;F. nitida var. angustiretis;F. obscura;F. subcarinata;F. tenella;F. umbachii
|basionyms=
|family=Fontinalaceae
|habitat=Rock, boulders, base of trees, roots, sticks in streams, swamps, lakes, ponds
|elevation=low to high elevations (0-2800 m)
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nev.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;n Asia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Handb. Skand. Fl. ed.
|publication year=1843
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V28/V28_773.xml
|genus=Fontinalis
|species=Fontinalis hypnoides
}}<!--

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