View source for Grimmia atrata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Grimmia atrata
|accepted_authority=Mielichhofer ex Hornschuch
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Flora
|place=2: 85. 1819,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dryptodon atratus
|authority=(Mielichhofer ex Hornschuch) Hartman
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Grimmiaceae;Grimmiaceae subfam. Grimmioideae;Grimmia;Grimmia subg. Guembelia;Grimmia atrata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Grimmiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Grimmiaceae subfam. Grimmioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Grimmia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Grimmia subg. Guembelia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Grimmia atrata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 227, 230, 233, 256
|treatment_page=page 241
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>in variable loose patches, dark green to black, frequently rust colored proximally. <b>Stems</b> 2–7 cm, central strand absent. <b>Leaves</b> lanceolate to ligulate, 1.5–3 × 0.3–0.6 mm, keeled, margins recurved proximally, incurved distally, tapering to a blunt cucullate apex, muticous, costal transverse section prominent, usually semicircular; basal juxtacostal laminal cells rectangular, straight to slightly sinuose walled; basal marginal laminal cells in 1–3 rows quadrate, hyaline with straight to slightly sinuose, thick transverse walls; medial laminal cells rectangular, nearly straight to sinuose or nodulose, thick-walled; distal laminal cells 1-stratose with 2-stratose ridges, to completely 2-stratose. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous, perichaetial leaves not enlarged. <b>Seta</b> straight, 2–6 mm. <b>Capsule</b> occasionally present, long-exserted, yellow-brown, oblong to cylindric, exothecial cells rectangular, thick-walled, annulus of 3–4 rows of rectangular, thick-walled cells, stomata present, operculum conic to rostrate, peristome present, fully-developed, perforated and split distally, weakly papillose.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Damp, heavy-metal-bearing rock from the lowlands to the alpine
|elevation=moderate to high elevations (1100-2600 m)
|distribution=Greenland;Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.);Yukon;South America (Bolivia);Eurasia.
|discussion=<p>Of conservation concern.</p><!--
--><p><i>Grimmia atrata</i> is rare in North America, being known only from three widely scattered areas. It is known to geologists as one of the “copper-mosses,” i.e., it is an indicator of heavy-metal-bearing rock. Because it prefers damp gneiss and mica schists, the tufts are often orange inside on account of the presence of heavy-metal oxides. The placement of <i>G. atrata</i> has been problematic. Because of the curved distal leaves and the absence of awns, it does not immediately appear to be a <i>Grimmia</i>. As a result it has previously been placed in a separate genus, Dryptodon, intermediate between <i>Grimmia</i> and <i>Racomitrium</i>. Following Cao T. and D. H. Vitt (1986b), Hastings placed it in subg. Guembelia based on its thick, keeled leaves, long, straight setae, and smooth capsules. With its recurved margin, rectangular, thick-walled, sometimes sinuous basal laminal cells, prominent annulus, and mitrate calyptra, it would seem closest to the group including <i>G. longirostris</i> and <i>G. pilifera</i>. However, its large size and muticous, cucullate leaves, which are often ligulate, coupled with its preference for moist habitats, readily separate this species from other members of this group. Sterile specimens with 1-stratose laminae may be confused as belonging to the subg. Rhabdogrimmia. In densely shaded habitats, it grows in loose patches and the areolation shows a near absence of sinuosity. On dry rock, however, the plants have extremely thick, nodulose cell walls that place the species firmly in <i>Grimmia</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Grimmia atrata
|authority=Mielichhofer ex Hornschuch
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Dryptodon atratus
|basionyms=
|family=Grimmiaceae
|habitat=Damp, heavy-metal-bearing rock from the lowlands to the alpine
|elevation=moderate to high elevations (1100-2600 m)
|distribution=Greenland;Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.);Yukon;South America (Bolivia);Eurasia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Flora
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_330.xml
|subfamily=Grimmiaceae subfam. Grimmioideae
|genus=Grimmia
|subgenus=Grimmia subg. Guembelia
|species=Grimmia atrata
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Grimmia subg. Guembelia]]