View source for Schistidium heterophyllum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Schistidium heterophyllum
|accepted_authority=(Kindberg) T. T. McIntosh
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bryologist
|place=93: 468. 1990,
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Grimmia heterophylla
|authority=Kindberg
|rank=species
|publication_title=in J. Macoun and N. C. Kindberg, Cat. Canad. Pl., Musci,
|publication_place=64. 1892
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Grimmiaceae;Grimmiaceae subfam. Grimmioideae;Schistidium;Schistidium heterophyllum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Grimmiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Grimmiaceae subfam. Grimmioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Schistidium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Schistidium heterophyllum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 208, 224
|treatment_page=page 219
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>in open to compact, usually fragile (individual stems easily separated) tufts or mats, olivaceous, brownish green, or nearly black. <b>Stems</b> 1–2.5(–4) cm, central strand distinct. <b>Leaves</b> erect, rarely curved, usually imbricate when dry, ovate-lanceolate to ovate-triangular, keeled distally, concave proximally, (0.8)–1.6–2.4(–3) mm, 2-stratose distally; margins plane or erect, sometimes incurved, smooth, 1-stratose or 2-stratose; apices acute or somewhat obtuse; costa usually excurrent as a spinulose-denticulate or nearly smooth, usually straight, often very long decurrent awn, smooth; basal marginal cells short-rectangular or quadrate, sometimes with transverse walls thicker than longitudinal walls, trigonous; distal cells quadrate, ovate, or short-rectangular, 5–6(–8) µm wide, smooth, straight or weakly sinuose. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous. <b>Capsule</b> dark reddish brown, short-cylindric or cupulate, 0.8–1.1 mm; exothecial cells isodiametric or oblate, usually thin-walled; stomata present; peristome patent, 350–550 µm, red, finely papillose, strongly perforated. <b>Spores</b> 10–13 µm, finely papillose.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Capsules mature late spring to early summer.
|habitat=Rock in open to shaded habitats
|elevation=moderate elevations (300-1200 m)
|distribution=B.C.;Idaho;Wash.
|discussion=<p>The imbricate, concave, and long-awned leaves (the concentration of awns at growing tips of the branches resemble brushes), with plane or erect margins and 2-stratose distal laminae, along with the ease by which patches fragment into individual stems, make <i>Schistidium heterophyllum</i>, in most cases, an easily recognized species, even though it is usually sterile. <i>Schistidium tenerum</i> is similar in most of these characters, but is much smaller and usually forms more compact cushions. Also, its distal laminae are unevenly 2-stratose, its leaf margins are recurved, and its awns are often strongly flexuose when dry. Where their ranges overlap in arid regions of western North America, <i>S. heterophyllum</i> can be easily mistaken for the macroscopically similar <i>Grimmia laevigata</i>. Both species are usually sterile, are of the same coloration and size, and have similar leaf characteristics. These taxa can be separated by a number of characters: the costa is pronounced on the abaxial leaf surface of <i>S. heterophyllum</i> and forms a distinct ridge, whereas the costa of <i>G. laevigata</i> is flat or only weakly raised above the laminal surface, its leaves are usually broader and not as imbricate when dry, its distal leaf cells are wider (7–9) than those of <i>S. heterophyllum</i> (5–6), and its leaves usually narrow considerably more to the stem base than do those of <i>S. heterophyllum</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Schistidium heterophyllum
|authority=(Kindberg) T. T. McIntosh
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Grimmia heterophylla
|family=Grimmiaceae
|phenology=Capsules mature late spring to early summer.
|habitat=Rock in open to shaded habitats
|elevation=moderate elevations (300-1200 m)
|distribution=B.C.;Idaho;Wash.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bryologist
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_297.xml
|subfamily=Grimmiaceae subfam. Grimmioideae
|genus=Schistidium
|species=Schistidium heterophyllum
}}<!--

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