View source for Monotropa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Monotropa
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 387. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 183. 1754 ,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ericaceae;Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae;Monotropa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ericaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Monotropa]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek monos, one, and tropos, turn or direction, alluding to flowers all turned in one direction on inflorescence axis
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 371, 373
|treatment_page=page 392
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> achlorophyllous, heterotrophic. <b>Stems</b> absent. <b>Leaves</b> absent. <b>Inflorescences</b> racemes or solitary flowers, nodding at emergence from soil, becoming erect in fruit, axis fleshy and fibrous, persistent after seed dispersal, white or yellowish to orange or reddish, 0.1–1 cm diam. proximal to proximalmost flower. <b>Pedicels</b> nodding at anthesis, somewhat longer in fruit; bracteoles sometimes present. <b>Flowers</b> radially symmetric, nodding; sepals absent or (3–)4–5(–6), distinct, lanceolate, oblong, spatulate, or elliptic; petals (3–)4–5(–6), distinct, white to pinkish, reddish, yellowish, or orange, without basal tubercles, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface with scattered hairs or hairy, corolla tubular-campanulate; intrastaminal nectary disc present; stamens 8–10(–14), included; filaments ± uniformly slender or slightly broader proximally than distally, glabrous or sparsely hairy; anthers transversely ellipsoid to depressed-ovoid or horseshoe-shaped, without awns, without tubules, dehiscent by 1 slit; pistil (4–)5(–6)-carpellate; ovary (4–)5(–6)-locular; placentation axile; style straight, stout or slender; stigma umbilicate to funnelform, with or without subtending ring of hairs. <b>Fruits</b> capsular, erect, dehiscent basipetally loculicidal, no cobwebby tissue exposed by splitting valves at dehiscence. <b>Seeds</b> 100+, oblong-fusiform, mostly membranously winged. <b>x</b> = 8.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;n South America;Europe;Asia.
|discussion=<p>Hypopitys Hill</p><!--
--><p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Molecular studies have demonstrated the paraphyletic nature of <i>Monotropa</i> and clarified relationships among some of the allied monotypic genera. A treatment realigning several genera of the achlorophyllous heterotrophs is not yet completed. Therefore, <i>Monotropa</i> here includes <i>M. hypopitys</i> and <i>M. uniflora</i>.</p><!--
--><p>Studies by K. W. Cullings (2000) and M. I. Bidartondo and T. D. Bruns (2001, 2002) suggest recognition of potential infraspecific taxa in <i>Monotropa uniflora</i> and <i>M. hypopitys</i> as well as the presence of cryptic species within <i>M. hypopitys</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inflorescences solitary flowers; sepals similar to bracts; nectary lobes elongate, curved about filament bases; stigmas broadly funnelform, without subtending ring of hairs; capsule segments stout, persistent after seed dispersal.
|[[Monotropa uniflora|Monotropa uniflora]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inflorescences racemes, rarely solitary flowers; sepals not similar to bracts; nectary lobes not elongate or curved about filament bases; stigmas umbilicate, often with subtending ring of hairs; capsule segments thin, often some fall away after seed dispersal.
|[[Monotropa hypopitys|Monotropa hypopitys]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Monotropa
|author=Gary D. Wallace
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Ericaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;n South America;Europe;Asia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V8/V8_740.xml
|subfamily=Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae
|genus=Monotropa
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae]]