View source for Peritoma

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Peritoma
|accepted_authority=de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr.
|place=1: 2371824
|year=1824
}}
|common_names=Bee-plant
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Atalanta
|authority=Nuttall
|publication_title=Gen. N. Amer. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 73. 1818,
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Celome
|authority=Greene
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Isomeris
|authority=Nuttall
}}
|hierarchy=Cleomaceae;Peritoma
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cleomaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Peritoma]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek peri, all around, and tome, cutting, perhaps alluding to dehiscence of fruit
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 195, 200, 201, 208, 215
|treatment_page=page 205
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>or shrubs, annual or (weak) perennial. <b>Stems</b> sparsely or profusely branched; glabrous, or glabrate, or glandular-pubescent. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules scalelike, bristlelike, or absent; petiole with pulvinus basally or distally; leaflets 3 or 5, (conduplicate and flat). <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary (from distal leaves), racemes (flat-topped or elongated); bracts usually present. <b>Flowers</b> zygomorphic; sepals persistent or deciduous, distinct or partly connate (1/3–1/2 of lengths), equal (each often subtending a nectary); petals equal; stamens 6; filaments inserted on cylindric androgynophore (usually expanded adaxially into a gibbous or flattened appendage), glabrous; anthers (linear), coiling as pollen is released; gynophore usually recurved in fruit (sometimes reflexed). <b>Fruits</b> capsules (erect to pendent), dehiscent, usually oblong (obovoid, subglobose, or fusiform in <i>P. arborea</i>). <b>Seeds</b> 5–38, globose, obovoid, triangular, or horseshoe-shaped, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). <b>x</b> = 10.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Species 6 (6 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Whether included in <i>Cleome</i> or treated as a separate genus, <i>Peritoma</i> comprises mostly distinct, western North American species, perhaps related to African genera. It is best treated as a taxon equivalent in rank to its three derivative genera, <i>Cleomella</i>, <i>Oxystylis</i>, and <i>Wislizenia</i> (2n = 40). These can be arranged in a much studied fruit and seed reduction series correlated with increasing aridity (H. H. Iltis 1955, 1956, 1957; K. Bremer and H. Wanntorp 1978; S. Keller 1979; S. S. Vanderpool et al. 1991). Some botanists may object to inclusion of the well-established Isomeris arborea in <i>Peritoma</i>. It is the only long-lived woody shrub species in the North American Cleomaceae. Except for the larger size, the flowers are basically identical (as are the fruits and seeds) to those of species such as <i>P. lutea</i>, a fact appreciated long ago by E. L. Greene when that notorious splitter lumped Isomeris with its relatives in <i>Cleome</i>.</p><!--
--><p>With six sharply distinct species (H. H. Iltis 1957), <i>Peritoma</i> is an exceptionally robust and relatively ancient genus, usually characterized by the rather thick trifoliolate and glabrous leaves, yellow (except a rich purple in <i>P. multicaulis</i> and <i>P. serrulata</i>) petals, and, usually, well-developed nectary discs.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Shrubs; capsules usually inflated, 6-12 mm diam.
|[[Peritoma arborea|Peritoma arborea]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Annuals; capsules not inflated, 1.5-12 mm diam
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaflets 5 (proximally)
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaflets 3 (throughout)
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Capsules 15-40 mm; gynophore 5-17 mm in fruit; petals light yellow, 5-8 mm; stamens 10-15 mm; plants (15-)25-30 cm.
|[[Peritoma lutea|Peritoma lutea]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Capsules 40-60 mm; gynophore 15-25 mm in fruit; petals golden yellow, 10-13 mm; stamens 20-30 mm; plants 50-100(-200) cm.
|[[Peritoma jonesii|Peritoma jonesii]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Petals golden yellow; capsules pendent, glandular-pubescent.
|[[Peritoma platycarpa|Peritoma platycarpa]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Petals purple, pink, rose, or white; capsules erect or reflexed, glabrous
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Leaflets 0.6-1.5 cm wide; petioles 1.5-3.5 cm; petals 7-12 mm; capsules 23-76 mm.
|[[Peritoma serrulata|Peritoma serrulata]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Leaflets 0.1 cm wide; petioles 0.5-1.5 cm; petals 4-5 mm; capsules 15-25 mm.
|[[Peritoma multicaulis|Peritoma multicaulis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Peritoma
|author=Staria S. Vanderpool;Hugh H. Iltis
|authority=de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Celome;Isomeris
|basionyms=Atalanta
|family=Cleomaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico.
|reference=None
|publication title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr.
|publication year=1824
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_270.xml
|genus=Peritoma
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cleomaceae]]