View source for Chorizanthe diffusa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Chorizanthe diffusa
|accepted_authority=Bentham in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr.
|place=14: 26. 1856
|year=1856
}}
|common_names=Diffuse spineflower
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chorizanthe andersonii
|authority=Parry
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chorizanthe diffusa var. nivea
|authority=(Curran) Hoover
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chorizanthe nivea
|authority=Bentham
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chorizanthe pungens var. diffusa
|authority=(Bentham) Parry
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chorizanthe pungens var. nivea
|authority=Curran
}}
|hierarchy=Polygonaceae;Polygonaceae subfam. Eriogonoideae;Chorizanthe;Chorizanthe subg. Amphietes;Chorizanthe sect. Ptelosepala;Chorizanthe diffusa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Polygonaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Polygonaceae subfam. Eriogonoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Chorizanthe]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Chorizanthe subg. Amphietes]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Chorizanthe sect. Ptelosepala]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Chorizanthe diffusa]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 447, 453, 454
|treatment_page=page 452
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>spreading, decumbent, prostrate, or rarely slightly erect, 0.3–1(–1.5) × 0.5–2(–10) dm, villous. <b>Leaves</b> basal; petiole 0.2–1.8(–2) cm; blade oblanceolate, 0.3–2 × 0.1–0.4 cm, villous. <b>Inflorescences</b> rather dense with secondary branches suppressed, white to greenish; bracts 2, similar to leaf blades at proximal nodes only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming linear and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 0.3–2 cm × 1–4 mm, awns absent. <b>Involucres</b> 1, mostly greenish, cylindric, not ventricose, 2–2.5 mm, with thin to broad and then conspicuous white or pinkish to purple, scarious margins extending nearly full length of awn, not corrugate, villous-hirsute; teeth spreading to divergent, equal, 0.5–1 mm, awns uncinate with longer ones 1–2 mm, anterior one mostly 2 mm, alternating with shorter (0.5–1 mm) ones. <b>Flowers</b> exserted; perianth bicolored with floral tube lemon-yellow and tepals white, campanulate, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous; tepals connate ca. 1/3 their length, monomorphic, oblong, acute to obtuse and entire apically; stamens 3–9, slightly exserted; filaments distinct, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous; anthers yellow, oval, 0.3–0.4 mm. <b>Achenes</b> dark brown, globose-lenticular, 2–2.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 38, 40, 42.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jul.
|habitat=Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, coastal scrub communities, pine-oak woodlands
|elevation=30-800 m
|distribution=Calif.
|discussion=<p>The involucral margins of <i>Chorizanthe diffusa</i> vary greatly. In some individuals, the white margins are barely visible. Plants with the margins of the involucre are predominantly white have been designated var. nivea. A full gradation between the extremes may be observed in most populations, although in coastal sands var. nivea is often the dominant expression. Diffuse spineflower occurs near the coast and in the Coast Ranges of central California.</p><!--
--><p><i>Chorizanthe diffusa</i> has been shown to inhibit carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in a mouse mammary-organ culture model. This inhibitory activity is known to correlate with cancer chemopreventive effects in full-term models of tumorigenesis (see H. S. Chung et al. 1999).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Chorizanthe diffusa
|author=
|authority=Bentham in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Chorizanthe andersonii;Chorizanthe diffusa var. nivea;Chorizanthe nivea;Chorizanthe pungens var. diffusa;Chorizanthe pungens var. nivea
|basionyms=
|family=Polygonaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jul.
|habitat=Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, coastal scrub communities, pine-oak woodlands
|elevation=30-800 m
|distribution=Calif.
|reference=None
|publication title=in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr.
|publication year=1856
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_939.xml
|subfamily=Polygonaceae subfam. Eriogonoideae
|genus=Chorizanthe
|subgenus=Chorizanthe subg. Amphietes
|section=Chorizanthe sect. Ptelosepala
|species=Chorizanthe diffusa
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Chorizanthe sect. Ptelosepala]]