View source for Homalothecium arenarium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Homalothecium arenarium
|accepted_authority=(Lesquereux) E. Lawton
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=92: 346. 1965
|year=1965
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Hypnum arenarium
|authority=Lesquereux
|publication_title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|publication_place=13: 13. 1865
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Camptothecium alsioides
|authority=Kindberg
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=C. arenarium
|authority=(Lesquereux) A. Jaeger
}}
|hierarchy=Brachytheciaceae;Homalothecium;Homalothecium arenarium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brachytheciaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Homalothecium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Homalothecium arenarium]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 440
|treatment_page=page 441
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>medium-sized, in loose to moderately dense tufts, light green to pale yellowish. <b>Stems</b> to 5 cm, irregularly branched, branches 5–10 mm, ± ascending. <b>Stem</b> leaves appressed when dry, narrowly ovate-triangular, 1.5–2 × 0.5–0.7 mm; base slightly narrowed, broadly short-decurrent; margins plane or often recurved at places, subentire to serrulate proximally, serrulate to serrate distally; apex gradually tapered or short-acuminate; costa to 70–100% leaf length, terminal spine absent or more rarely sharp and distinct; alar cells subquadrate or ovate, 10–18(–35) × 9–13 µm, region extending along margins in 8–15 rows; laminal cells linear-flexuose, 30–75 × 4–6 µm; basal cells irregularly isodiametric, region in 5–8 rows, conspicuous across base, broad throughout or near costa and margins. <b>Branch</b> leaves appressed when dry or moist, lanceolate, 0.6–1.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm; margins plane to recurved throughout, serrulate to serrate distally; apex acuminate to acute; costa to 70–95% leaf length, terminal spine present, toothed abaxially near its end; alar cells subquadrate, 6–10 µm, indistinctly delimited from basal region; laminal cells linear-flexuose, 50–90 × 5–6 µm; basal cells in 3–7 rows; distal cells prorate on abaxial surface. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous. <b>Seta</b> 1–1.5 cm, rough. <b>Capsule</b> inclined to horizontal, subcylindric, curved, 1.5–2 mm; annulus separating by fragments; operculum conic; peristome xerocastique, perfect; exostome teeth transverse-striolate proximally, with short transitional zone; endostome basal membrane 1/3 endostome height, segments as long as exostome teeth, broad, cilia 1 or 2, slightly shorter than segments. <b>Spores</b> 11–14 µm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Sandy soil, rock, coastal
|elevation=low to moderate elevations (0-1200 m)
|distribution=B.C.;Calif.;Wash.;Mexico (Baja California).
|discussion=<p>The only specimen of <i>Homalothecium arenarium</i> from outside the coastal zone was collected in San Diego County, California, along a highway at 1200 m, where it likely was introduced unintentionally. The analysis by S. Huttunen et al. (2008) demonstrated that <i>H. arenarium</i> is distinct from the rest of the genus and probably deserves recognition in its own genus. Unlike in most other species of <i>Homalothecium</i>, the costa ends in a spine, pinnate branching is lacking, and the plant color is similar to <i>Brachythecium</i>, which is without the tendency to a rich golden or honey color. The peristome is perfect in this species, although not unique in <i>Homalothecium</i> where most species exhibit a degree of peristome reduction. Sterile plants resemble <i>B. laetum</i>, but the latter species has basal cells never so numerous and usually quite irregular, in contrast to rather homogeneous basal cells of <i>H. arenarium</i>. Sporophytes are rare.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Homalothecium arenarium
|author=
|authority=(Lesquereux) E. Lawton
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Camptothecium alsioides;C. arenarium
|basionyms=Hypnum arenarium
|family=Brachytheciaceae
|habitat=Sandy soil, rock, coastal
|elevation=low to moderate elevations (0-1200 m)
|distribution=B.C.;Calif.;Wash.;Mexico (Baja California).
|reference=None
|publication title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1965
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V28/V28_686.xml
|genus=Homalothecium
|species=Homalothecium arenarium
}}<!--

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