View source for Cratoneuron filicinum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cratoneuron filicinum
|accepted_authority=(Hedwig) Spruce
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Cat. Musc.,
|place=21. 1867
|year=1867
}}
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Selected by author to be illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Hypnum filicinum
|authority=Hedwig
|publication_title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|publication_place=285, plate 76, figs. 5–10. 1801
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Amblystegium tenax var. spinifolium
|authority=(Schimper) H. A. Crum & L. E. Anderson
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cratoneuron filicinum var. aciculinum
|authority=(Müller Hal. & Kindberg) Grout
}}
|hierarchy=Amblystegiaceae;Cratoneuron;Cratoneuron filicinum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Amblystegiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cratoneuron]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cratoneuron filicinum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 302, 305
|treatment_page=page 267
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>somewhat stiff. <b>Stems</b> with shoot and branch apices often pale; paraphyllia sometimes present only in youngest shoot portions; axillary hairs few, weak. <b>Stem</b> leaves gradually or suddenly narrowed to apex, plane or slightly concave; alar cells usually many, region large, usually strongly widened marginally, reaching from margin to costa or almost so; medial laminal cells 12–55 × 4–11 µm. <b>Branch</b> leaves usually narrower, more strongly falcate. <b>Perichaetia</b> with inner leaves gradually or suddenly narrowed to apex, plicate, margins denticulate or strongly so distally, apex acuminate, laminal cells smooth.</span><!--

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|habitat=Moist or wet habitats in calcareous districts, rock, tree bases beside streams, springs, moist soil, calcareous fens
|elevation=low to high elevations
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nev.;N.H.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico (Baja California;México;Oaxaca;San Luis Potosí);South America;Eurasia;Africa;Atlantic Islands;Pacific Islands (New Zealand).
|discussion=<p>Strikingly rigid plants of <i>Cratoneuron filicinum</i> with extremely strong, often long-excurrent costae are sometimes found in streams or under heavily dripping water; these were sometimes recognized as <i>Amblystegium</i> tenax var. spinifolium in North America. Such plants have narrowly triangular or narrowly ovate-triangular leaves gradually narrowed to an acuminate or often obtuse point. Ordinary <i>C. filicinum</i> leaves are sometimes found in parts of such plants, or shoots on old plants of this kind may have a normal <i>C. filicinum</i> appearance. Molecular studies show that such plants likely represent habitat modifications and should therefore not be recognized taxonomically (L. Hedenäs 2011, 2012). <i>Cratoneuron</i> curvicaule (Juratzka) G. Roth was attributed to North America by H. A. Crum et al. (1973) as <i>C. filicinum</i> var. curvicaule (Juratzka) Mönkemeyer; the species has been considered a synonym of <i>C. filicinum</i> on several American web pages. However, as shown by Hedenäs (2003, 2011), this is a distinct species that differs both morphologically and molecularly from <i>C. filicinum</i>. The occurrence of C. curvicaule in North America has not been confirmed, and the only North American specimens referred to this species (H. G. Simmons 584 [in part] and 585, S) belong to <i>C. filicinum</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cratoneuron filicinum
|author=
|authority=(Hedwig) Spruce
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Amblystegium tenax var. spinifolium;Cratoneuron filicinum var. aciculinum
|basionyms=Hypnum filicinum
|family=Amblystegiaceae
|habitat=Moist or wet habitats in calcareous districts, rock, tree bases beside streams, springs, moist soil, calcareous fens
|elevation=low to high elevations
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nev.;N.H.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico (Baja California;México;Oaxaca;San Luis Potosí);South America;Eurasia;Africa;Atlantic Islands;Pacific Islands (New Zealand).
|reference=None
|publication title=Cat. Musc.,
|publication year=1867
|special status=Selected by author to be illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V28/V28_419.xml
|genus=Cratoneuron
|species=Cratoneuron filicinum
}}<!--

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