View source for Gemmabryum dichotomum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Gemmabryum dichotomum
|accepted_authority=(Hedwig) J. R. Spence & H. P. Ramsay
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Phytologia
|place=87: 66. 2005
|year=2005
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Bryum dichotomum
|authority=Hedwig
|publication_title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|publication_place=183, plate 42, figs. 8–12. 1801
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=B. bicolor
|authority=Dickson
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gemmabryum bicolor
|authority=(Dickson) J. R. Spence
}}
|hierarchy=Bryaceae;Gemmabryum;Gemmabryum sect. Gemmabryum;Gemmabryum dichotomum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Bryaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Gemmabryum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Gemmabryum sect. Gemmabryum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Gemmabryum dichotomum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 133, 135, 144
|treatment_page=page 134
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>green or yellow-green. <b>Stems</b> 0.5–1(–2) cm, gemmiform to evenly foliate. <b>Leaves</b> ovate-lanceolate to ovate, weakly concave, 0.5–1.5(–2) mm; margins revolute proximally; apex acute to acuminate; costa percurrent to rarely short-excurrent; proximal laminal cells abruptly quadrate to short-rectangular, 1–2:1; medial and distal cells 8–12(–16) µm wide, 3–4:1. <b>Specialized</b> asexual reproduction by leaf axil bulbils, bulbils 1 (or 2) per axil, elongate-ovate, 250–750 µm, primordia present, broadly triangular, acute, arising from just below mid bulbil or near base. <b>Capsule</b> nutant, purple-red at maturity, 1–3(–4) mm; hypophysis somewhat thickened, not distinctly inflated, not or weakly rugose; peristome well developed; endostome not adherent to exostome, basal membrane high, segments well developed, perforations ovate, cilia long, appendiculate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Capsules mature Apr–Jul (spring–summer).
|habitat=Dry to moist soil, soil over rock
|elevation=low to high elevations (0-2000 m)
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Mo.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;s South America;Eurasia;n Africa;Atlantic Islands (Macronesia);Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia.
|discussion=<p><i>Gemmabryum dichotomum</i> is a widespread species exhibiting a temperate bipolar distribution. The Southern Hemisphere material, <i>G. dichotomum</i> in the strict sense, has plants that are larger than Northern Hemisphere material that has traditionally gone under the name of <i>Bryum</i> bicolor but are otherwise similar. Ecologically, plants like those in the Southern Hemisphere are much more common and often dominant in Antarctic to subantarctic tundra vegetation, while typical Northern Hemisphere plants are primarily temperate in distribution.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Gemmabryum dichotomum
|author=
|authority=(Hedwig) J. R. Spence & H. P. Ramsay
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=B. bicolor;Gemmabryum bicolor
|basionyms=Bryum dichotomum
|family=Bryaceae
|phenology=Capsules mature Apr–Jul (spring–summer).
|habitat=Dry to moist soil, soil over rock
|elevation=low to high elevations (0-2000 m)
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Mo.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;s South America;Eurasia;n Africa;Atlantic Islands (Macronesia);Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Phytologia
|publication year=2005
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V28/V28_211.xml
|genus=Gemmabryum
|section=Gemmabryum sect. Gemmabryum
|species=Gemmabryum dichotomum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Gemmabryum sect. Gemmabryum]]