View source for Syntrichia amphidiacea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Syntrichia amphidiacea
|accepted_authority=(Müller Hal.) R. H. Zander
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci.
|place=32: 267. 1993,
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Barbula amphidiacea
|authority=Müller Hal.
|publication_title=Linnaea
|publication_place=38: 639. 1874
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tortula amphidiacea
|authority=(Müller Hal.) Brotherus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tortula caroliniana
|authority=L. E. Andrews
}}
|hierarchy=Pottiaceae;Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae;Syntrichia;Syntrichia amphidiacea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pottiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Syntrichia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Syntrichia amphidiacea]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 618, 620
|treatment_page=page 619
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>2–15(–25) mm. <b>Leaves</b> infolded, twisted, and only slightly contorted when dry, erect-spreading when moist, variable in shape and size, narrowly or broadly spatulate, (1.5–)2–3(–4) × 0.75–1.5 mm; margins revolute in the proximal 1/2–3/4, entire; apices acute to acuminate; costa ending a few cells before the apex or percurrent, yellow or brown, smooth; basal cells abruptly differentiated, narrower toward the margins; distal cells rounded, polygonal, or quadrate, 11–14 µm (or slightly elongate and 13–22 µm), with 3–6 low or high papillae per cell, thick-walled and collenchymatous; marginal cells in several rows smaller and smoother with thicker, often colored walls. <b>Specialized</b> asexual reproduction as gemmae on the adaxial or occasionally the abaxial leaf surface of leaves, cylindric, rounded at the ends, up to 50 (rarely 200) µm, brown when mature, multicellular. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous. [Seta red, 6–8(–10) mm. <b>Capsule</b> red, 2–3(–3.5) mm, straight or slightly curved, with a distinct neck; operculum 1–1.5 mm; peristome 0.5–1 mm, basal membrane 1/6–1/5 the total length, teeth irregularly twisted and contorted (crumpled) when dry, widely spreading or reflexed when moist, red. <b>Spores</b> 18–22 µm, strongly papillose.]</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Bark of trees, logs, acidic and basic rocks, occasionally soil
|elevation=low to high elevations (to 3000 m)
|distribution=N.C.;Tenn.;Va.;Mexico;Central America;n South America.
|discussion=<p>The peristome of <i>Syntrichia amphidiacea</i> is unusual, being irregularly twisted and crumpled when dry but widely spreading or reflexed when moist. The species has a distribution disjunct between the southern Appalachians and Mexico, similar to that of a number of other mosses (including <i>S. fragilis</i>) and flowering plants that appear to be relicts of an ancient tropical flora. Sporophytes are known only from southern Mexico and southwards. <i>Syntrichia amphidiacea</i> is a rare species in the southeastern United States but common in Mexico.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Syntrichia amphidiacea
|author=
|authority=(Müller Hal.) R. H. Zander
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Tortula amphidiacea;Tortula caroliniana
|basionyms=Barbula amphidiacea
|family=Pottiaceae
|habitat=Bark of trees, logs, acidic and basic rocks, occasionally soil
|elevation=low to high elevations (to 3000 m)
|distribution=N.C.;Tenn.;Va.;Mexico;Central America;n South America.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_902.xml
|subfamily=Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae
|genus=Syntrichia
|species=Syntrichia amphidiacea
}}<!--

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