View source for Pterygoneurum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pterygoneurum
|accepted_authority=Juratzka
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Laubm.-Fl. Oesterr.-Ung.,
|place=95. 1882 (as Pterigoneurum), name and orthography conserved ,
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Pottiaceae;Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae;Pterygoneurum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pottiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pterygoneurum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek pterygos, wing, and neuron, nerve, alluding to longitudinal costal lamellae
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 480, 603, 604, 607, 608, 612
|treatment_page=page 606
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>bulbiform, gregarious or forming a thin turf, green distally, light brown proximally. <b>Stems</b> buried, usually short, 0.5–5 mm; hyalodermis absent, sclerodermis absent, central strand present, distinct; axillary hairs ca. 7 cells in length, all hyaline or proximal 1–2 cells brown. <b>Cauline</b> leaves appressed when dry, weakly spreading when moist; ovate to ligulate, adaxial surface broadly concave, 2–3.5 mm (inclusive of the 1.5–2 mm awn); base not differentiated in shape; distal margins weakly to broadly incurved to near apex, plane below, entire or denticulate above; apex obtuse to rounded, often weakly cucullate; costa long-excurrent as a smooth or denticulate, hyaline awn, occasionally absent in some leaves, adaxial outgrowths of (0–)3–4 lamellae longitudinally inserted on adaxial surface of costa, ca. 12 cells in height, occasionally lobed or branching, smooth or hollow-papillose, adaxial cells (differentiated as lamellae) in 4–6 rows; transverse section circular, adaxial epidermis apparently absent, adaxial stereid band absent, guide cells 2 in 1 layer, hydroid strand present, usually large, abaxial stereid band present, often weak and round to elliptic in section, abaxial epidermis present; proximal cells differentiated across leaf base, occasionally higher medially, rectangular, little wider than the distal cells or somewhat inflated, ca. 2–5:1, walls of basal cells thin; distal medial cells quadrate to shortly rectangular, often transversely elongated, 10–13(–20) µm wide, (2–)1:1(–2), 1-stratose; papillae absent or small, simple, solid or hollow and present abaxially and medially, 2–3 per lumen, cell walls thin to weakly thickened and weakly trigonous, flat or somewhat bulging on both sides or just abaxially. <b>Specialized</b> asexual reproduction absent. <b>Sexual</b> condition autoicous or paroicous. <b>Perichaetia</b> terminal, interior leaves not sheathing, elliptic, little differentiated, to 1.5 mm. <b>Seta</b> 0.4-3.5 mm. <b>Capsule</b> stegocarpous or rarely cleistocarpous, theca short-cylindric, often macrostomous, variously smooth, sulcate or ridged, 0.5–1.5 mm, annulus when present of ca. 3 rows somewhat vesiculose cells; operculum rostrate to conic-rostrate; peristome teeth absent or when present rudimentary, in a latticework borne on a membrane, weakly twisted, teeth to 300 µm. <b>Calyptra</b> cucullate or mitrate with 3–4 large lobes. <b>Spores</b> 25-38 µm. KOH distal laminal color reaction yellow, occasionally red or orange in spots medially near apex or at leaf base.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;dry climate;soil or occasionally rock.
|discussion=<p>Species 12 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Pterygoneurum</i> is apparently most closely related to <i>Crossidium</i>, and, like that genus, has chlorophyllose filaments (occasionally) in addition to the adaxial costal lamellae, and the stem is densely clothed with pale, brown rhizoids. <i>Pterygoneurum</i> is common in arid regions of the West, forming a dense, low turf in exposed soil. The hyaline awns and short setae are distinctive in the field.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=wareham1939a
|text=Wareham, R. T. 1939. Pterigoneurum [sic]. In: A. J. Grout. 1928–1940. Moss Flora of North America, North of Mexico. 3 vols. in 12 parts. Newfane, Vt. and New York. Vol. 1, pp. 208–211.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Capsules exerted on an elongate seta
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Capsules immersed or partly exerted
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Distal lamina often abaxially weakly papillose; lamellae irregular in shape and size; capsule cylindric, long exerted; peristome occasionally present, fragile; cells of operculum slightly twisted.
|[[Pterygoneurum lamellatum|Pterygoneurum lamellatum]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Distal lamina smooth or rarely abaxially papillose; lamellae even in shape and size; capsule shortly exerted, ovoid; peristome lacking; cells of operculum in straight rows.
|[[Pterygoneurum ovatum|Pterygoneurum ovatum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Lamellae ca. 4-12 cells high; capsule immersed to somewhat exerted, stegocarpous (var. kieneri has an annulus but bursts irregularly).
|[[Pterygoneurum subsessile|Pterygoneurum subsessile]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Lamellae often low, 2-6(-10) cells high; capsule immersed, cleistocarpous.
|[[Pterygoneurum kozlovii|Pterygoneurum kozlovii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pterygoneurum
|author=Richard H. Zander
|authority=Juratzka
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Pottiaceae
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;dry climate;soil or occasionally rock.
|reference=wareham1939a
|publication title=Laubm.-Fl. Oesterr.-Ung.,
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V27/V27_876.xml
|subfamily=Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae
|genus=Pterygoneurum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pottiaceae subfam. Pottioideae]]