View source for Vanilla

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Vanilla
|accepted_authority=Miller
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gard. Dict. Abr. ed.
|place=4, vol. 3. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Vanilloideae;Orchidaceae tribe Vanilleae;Orchidaceae (tribe Vanilleae) subtribe Vanillinae;Vanilla
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Vanilloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Vanilleae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Vanilleae) subtribe Vanillinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Vanilla]]</div></div>
|etymology=Spanish vainilla, little pod or capsule, referring to long, podlike fruits
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 491, 494, 496, 510
|treatment_page=page 507
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Vines,</b> terrestrial or hemiepiphytic, monopodial. <b>Roots</b> at each stem node, gray-green, slender, and glabrous when free, thick and villous on contact with substrate. <b>Stems</b> scandent, branching, naked, terete, thick, succulent, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b> persistent when large or deciduous when scalelike, distichous, articulate, sheathless, fleshy or leathery. <b>Inflorescences</b> on short lateral branches or peduncles, racemes, bracteate, densely flowered. <b>Flowers</b> ephemeral, resupinate, large, showy, opening sequentially; sepals spreading, distinct and free; petals distinct and/or free, keeled; lip adnate to base of column, simple or lobed, margins basally involute; disc variously ornamented; column elongate, semiterete, footless, often pubescent proximally; anther terminal, versatile, incumbent; pollinia 4, soft, mealy, composed of monads, without accessory structures, appearing triangular when removed as a unit; ovaries articulate proximally and distally; stigma lobes confluent; rostellum undeveloped. <b>Fruits</b> berries, elongate, leathery, indehiscent. <b>Seeds</b> small; seed coat hard.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Tropical and subtropical regions;North America;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Africa;Southeast Asia;w Pacific Islands.
|discussion=<p>Species 100 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Vanilla</i> pompona Schiede has escaped cultivation in Miami-Dade County, Florida (P. M. Brown 2002). It may be distinguished from the other <i>Vanilla</i> species by the following combination of characteristics: persistent leaves that are much longer than the internodes; flat or straight sepal and petal margins; a simple, yellow-green to yellow-orange lip with a tuft of retrorse hairs; and floral bracts that are at least 12 mm. In addition to the characteristics above, V. pompona generally has thicker leaves and stems than the two species for which it may be confused, <i>V. planifolia</i> and <i>V. phaeantha</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=nielsen1999a
|text=Nielsen, L. R. and H. R. Siegismund. 1999. Interspecific differentiation and hybridization in Vanilla species (Orchidaceae). Heredity 83: 560–567.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves much shorter than internodes, early deciduous or persistent.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves nearly as long as or longer than internodes, persistent.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Lip largely reddish purple, no yellow present (in flora); most leaves early deciduous, a few persistent, margins revolute, apex hooked.
|[[Vanilla dilloniana|Vanilla dilloniana]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Lip deep red adaxially, shading to white margins, with broad yellow midrib; all leaves early deciduous, margins not revolute, apex not hooked.
|[[Vanilla barbellata|Vanilla barbellata]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Sepal and petal margins undulate, apex reflexed; lip disc 3-keeled toward apex, tuft of hairs absent; stems less than 5 mm diam.
|[[Vanilla mexicana|Vanilla mexicana]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Sepal and petal margins straight, apex spreading; lip disc without keels, tuft of scalelike hairs present; stems more than 6 mm diam.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Sepals 7–9 cm; fruits less than 11 cm.
|[[Vanilla phaeantha|Vanilla phaeantha]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Sepals 3.5–5.5 cm; fruits 15–25 cm.
|[[Vanilla planifolia|Vanilla planifolia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Vanilla
|author=James D. Ackerman
|authority=Miller
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Orchidaceae
|distribution=Tropical and subtropical regions;North America;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Africa;Southeast Asia;w Pacific Islands.
|reference=nielsen1999a
|publication title=Gard. Dict. Abr. ed.
|publication year=1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_1034.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Vanilloideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Vanilleae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Vanilleae) subtribe Vanillinae
|genus=Vanilla
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Orchidaceae (tribe Vanilleae) subtribe Vanillinae]]