View source for Ixophorus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Ixophorus
|accepted_authority=Schltdl.
|publications=
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Paniceae;Ixophorus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ixophorus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 25
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 537
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annuals or short-lived perennials; tufted. <b>Culms</b> 15-150 cm tall, 1-10 mm thick, dry to somewhat succulent, longitudinally grooved, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b> linear, vernation conduplicate; sheaths open, glabrous, compressed laterally, often purple-streaked at the base; ligules membranous, long-ciliate; blades flat, midvein often white, adaxial surfaces minutely pubescent immediately distal to the ligule, glabrous elsewhere, margins strigillose. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, open, pyramidal panicles; rachises scabridulous, bearing 4-50 alternate, spikelike primary branches; primary branches to 7 cm, flexuous, axes scabridulous, bearing spikelets in 2 abaxial rows; pedicels shorter than 1 mm, cuplike, each with a single, smooth (occasionally scabridulous), terete bristle; bristles 4-12 mm, pale brown to black; disarticulation below the glumes. <b>Spikelets</b> dorsally compressed, with 2 florets; lower florets staminate; upper florets pistillate. <b>Lower</b> glumes 1/4 - 1/3 as long as the upper glumes, orbicular to triangular, 3-veined; upper glumes slightly shorter than the lower lemmas, often purple or green, 11-veined, acute; lower lemmas 5-veined, acute; lower paleas hyaline, about as long as the upper glumes, accrescent, thinly membranous at anthesis, becoming thicker and stiffer and about 3 times as wide as the lemma in fruit, keels clasping the upper floret at maturity; anthers 3, about 2 mm, orange; upper lemmas dorsally compressed, indurate, rugose, papillate, bases with a prominent germination flap, margins enclosing the edges of the upper paleas; upper paleas flat, indurate, papillate; stigmas bright red, plumose. <b>Caryopses</b> oblong obtuse, dorsally compressed; embryos about 1/3 as long as the caryopses. <b>x</b> = unknown.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Tex.
|discussion=<p><i>Ixophorus</i> is native from central Mexico through Central America to northern South America. It is treated here as consisting of a single species, but it has been treated in the past as having as many as three species. These, however, intergrade morphologically with respect to all the characters used to distinguish them (Hiser 2002).</p><!--
--><p>Schlechtendal (1861-1862), in his description of the genus, states that the inflorescence is sticky, but the bristles of living plants, although somewhat lustrous, do not appear to be viscid.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=clifford1996a
|text=Clifford, H.T. 1996. Etymological Dictionary of Grasses, Version 1.0 (CD-ROM). Expert Center for Taxonomic Identification, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hiser2002a
|text=Hiser, K.M. 2002. Phylogenetic placement, inflorescence development, and taxonomy of the genus Ixopborus (Panicoideae: Poaceae). Master's thesis. University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. 88 pp.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hitchcock1919a
|text=Hitchcock, A.S. 1919. History of the Mexican grass, Ixopborus unisetus. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 9:546-551
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=schlechtendal1861a
|text=Schlechtendal, D.F.L. 1861-1862. Ueber Setaria P.B. Linnaea 31:387-509
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=scribner1897a
|text=Scribner, F.L. 1897. Studies on American grasses: I. The genus Ixopborus. Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 41:5-7, 40, pi. 1-2.
}}
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Ixophorus
|author=Ken M. Hiser;
|authority=Schltdl.
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|distribution=Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Tex.
|reference=clifford1996a;hiser2002a;hitchcock1919a;schlechtendal1861a;scribner1897a
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V25/V25_1383.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Paniceae
|genus=Ixophorus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]